Table 2.
Comparison of Characteristics of Patients with and without Mortality in the Training Cohort
| Variables | Survival (n=420) | Death (n=69) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Sex, n (%) | 0.059 | ||
| Female | 98 (23) | 24 (35) | |
| Male | 322 (77) | 45 (65) | |
| Age, y | 64.0 (51.8, 73.0) | 70.0 (61.0, 77.0) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 273 (65) | 41 (59) | 0.447 |
| Weekend on admission, n (%) | 108 (26) | 14 (20) | 0.415 |
| Delay, n (%) | 92 (22) | 27 (39) | 0.003 |
| Vascular risk factors | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 256 (61) | 41 (59) | 0.914 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 83 (20) | 15 (22) | 0.827 |
| Prior-Stroke, n (%) | 26 (6) | 4 (6) | 1 |
| CKD, n (%) | 85 (20) | 22 (32) | 0.044 |
| OHCA, n (%) | 16 (4) | 28 (41) | < 0.001 |
| GRACE, score | 122.0 (102.0, 145.0) | 178.0 (142.0, 213.0) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical data | |||
| HR, beats/min | 79.0 (72.0, 90.0) | 86.0 (76.0, 110.0) | < 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 128.0 (110.0, 142.0) | 109.0 (89.0, 130.0) | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 80.00 (68.00, 92.00) | 73.00 (58.00, 85.00) | < 0.001 |
| Shock_index | 0.6 (0.5, 0.7) | 0.8 (0.7, 1.1) | < 0.001 |
| Killip, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
| 1 | 343 (82) | 26 (38) | |
| 2 | 47 (11) | 7 (10) | |
| 3 | 14 (3) | 9 (13) | |
| 4 | 16 (4) | 27 (39) | |
| Electrocardiographic data | |||
| Inferior_wall, n (%) | 196 (47) | 23 (33) | 0.053 |
| Anterior_wall, n (%) | 205 (49) | 41 (59) | 0.133 |
| Other, n (%) | 13 (3) | 4 (6) | 0.28 |
| Right_ventricular, n (%) | 5 (1) | 1 (1) | 0.601 |
| Laboratory examinations on admission | |||
| WBC, *109/L | 11.2 (8.4, 13.5) | 13.6 (10.0, 18.1) | < 0.001 |
| Neutrophil_count, *109/L | 8.6 (6.2, 11.1) | 11.3 (7.8, 15.1) | < 0.001 |
| NLR | 6.3 (3.9, 9.8) | 9.7 (5.9, 14.8) | < 0.001 |
| PLR | 152.0 (107.8, 223.3) | 155.6 (87.2, 278.2) | 0.93 |
| MLR | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.003 |
| SIRI | 4.2 (2.5, 7.4) | 7.9 (4.1, 14.1) | < 0.001 |
| SII | 1236.8 (778.3, 2094.1) | 2009.1 (1074.2, 2940.4) | 0.005 |
| HB, g/L | 138.00 (122.00, 153.00) | 126.00 (115.00, 147.00) | 0.018 |
| RBC, *1012/L | 4.52 (3.98, 4.98) | 4.17 (3.74, 4.85) | 0.027 |
| PLT, *109/L | 209.5 (167.5, 256.2) | 197.0 (157.0, 254.0) | 0.286 |
| ALT, U/L | 30.0 (22.0, 48.0) | 50.0 (26.0, 129.0) | < 0.001 |
| AST, U/L | 63.0 (35.0, 139.2) | 178.0 (64.0, 399.0) | < 0.001 |
| GGT, U/L | 41.0 (25.8, 69.2) | 55.0 (25.0, 83.0) | 0.403 |
| BUN, mmol/L | 6.4 (5.1, 8.2) | 10.2 (7.7, 13.1) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine, umol/L | 96.0 (79.0, 116.0) | 135.0 (100.0, 181.0) | < 0.001 |
| Uuric acid, umol/L | 470.0 (436.0, 527.0) | 515.0 (449.0, 601.0) | 0.003 |
| Cystatin C, mg/L | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) | < 0.001 |
| CK, U/L | 423.0 (166.5, 1297.8) | 744.0 (303.0, 1639.0) | 0.006 |
| CKMB, U/L | 45.0 (23.0, 118.5) | 86.0 (39.0, 182.0) | 0.002 |
| LDH, U/L | 343.5 (253.0, 523.8) | 655.0 (381.0, 1057.0) | < 0.001 |
| α-HBDH, U/L | 233.5 (166.0, 404.5) | 451.0 (276.0, 739.0) | < 0.001 |
| CTnT, ng/L | 747.1 (175.7, 2914.2) | 2590.0 (1140.0, 5476.0) | < 0.001 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 870.1 (212.3, 2878.5) | 6279.0 (2061.0, 21,400.0) | < 0.001 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 6.6 (5.6, 8.4) | 7.9 (6.3, 10.6) | < 0.001 |
| Myoglobin, ng/mL | 332.5 (94.4, 893.2) | 677.1 (191.0, 1908.0) | < 0.001 |
| Procedural features | |||
| LM, n (%) | 6 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| LAD, n (%) | 129 (31) | 20 (29) | 0.882 |
| LCX, n (%) | 47 (11) | 6 (9) | 0.683 |
| RCA, n (%) | 102 (24) | 16 (23) | 0.964 |
| Intrahospital complications | |||
| Post-Ventricular fibrillation, n (%) | 19 (5) | 25 (36) | < 0.001 |
| Post-Cardiogenic shock, n (%) | 16 (4) | 35 (51) | < 0.001 |
| Other | |||
| Total hospital duration stay, d | 7.0 (5.0, 10.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | < 0.001 |
Notes: Values are expressed as medians with interquartile ranges for continuous data. Other values are presented as numbers and percentages. Shock index ratio of HR to SBP.
Abbreviations: SIRI, systemic inflammatory response index; SII, systemic inflammatory reaction index; PLR, ratio of platelets to lymphocytes; NLR, the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes; MLR, ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes; OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score; α-HBDH, α-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptides.