Table 7.
Baseline characteristics of young patients stratified by sex.
| Variables | Men | Women | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 1,926) | (n = 116) | ||
| Patient demographics | |||
| Age, years | 39.92 ± 4.62 | 40.45 ± 5.03 | 0.2296 |
| Self-paying medications | 229 (12.7) | 16 (14.5) | 0.5717 |
| Education level | <0.0001 | ||
| University/college or higher | 306 (22.2) | 10 (11.0) | |
| Secondary school | 813 (59.0) | 43 (47.3) | |
| Primary school or illiterate | 258 (18.7) | 38 (41.8) | |
| Living alone | 66 (3.5) | 3 (2.6) | — |
| BMI | 25.51 ± 3.36 | 24.27 ± 4.01 | 0.0018 |
| BMI ≥28 kg/m2 | 350 (18.9) | 10 (8.9) | 0.0041 |
| Medical history | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 206 (11.2) | 14 (12.6) | 0.6474 |
| Hypertension | 618 (33.2) | 44 (38.6) | 0.2386 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 182 (10.7) | 6 (5.6) | 0.0686 |
| Current smoker | 1435 (75.7) | 14 (12.2) | <0.0001 |
| Prior angina pectoris | 330 (18.3) | 24 (21.6) | 0.3973 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 84 (4.6) | 3 (2.7) | 0.4800 |
| Prior heart failure | 15 (0.8) | 3 (2.7) | 0.0789 |
| Prior stroke | 41 (2.2) | 6 (5.3) | 0.0505 |
| Prior PCI | 60 (3.3) | 2 (1.8) | 0.5798 |
| Prior renal dysfunction | 14 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| COPD | 5 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| Family history of premature CAD | 113 (6.8) | 11 (10.5) | 0.1840 |
| Presenting characteristics | |||
| Symptom | — | ||
| Yes | 1,894 (99.5) | 114 (100.0) | |
| No | 9 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Trigger factor | 0.0876 | ||
| Yes | 473 (27.2) | 21 (19.8) | |
| No | 1,269 (72.8) | 85 (80.2) | |
| Symptom onset to admission time | 0.0028 | ||
| <3 h | 544 (28.4) | 19 (16.4) | |
| 3–6 h | 500 (26.1) | 24 (20.7) | |
| 6–12 h | 297 (15.5) | 27 (23.3) | |
| 12–24 h | 215 (11.2) | 13 (11.2) | |
| 1–7 days | 362 (18.9) | 33 (28.4) | |
| Heart rate | 80.19 ± 16.41 | 79.82 ± 16.00 | 0.8135 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 128.62 ± 22.41 | 125.95 ± 24.75 | 0.2187 |
| Killip grade | 0.0521 | ||
| I | 1,652 (87.2) | 90 (79.6) | |
| II | 181 (9.6) | 15 (13.3) | |
| III | 28 (1.5) | 4 (3.5) | |
| IV | 34 (1.8) | 4 (3.5) | |
| Cardiac arrest at admission | 24 (1.3) | 1 (0.9) | — |
| Diagnosis | 0.1910 | ||
| STEMI | 1,634 (84.8) | 93 (80.2) | |
| NSTEMI | 292 (15.2) | 23 (19.8) | |
| Anterior wall involvement | 993 (52.6) | 60 (52.2) | 0.9346 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 72.00 (62.60, 83.90) | 55.30 (45.00, 67.40) | <0.0001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 151.10 ± 17.52 | 123.57 ± 23.89 | <0.0001 |
| Leukocyte count, × 109/L | 11.55 ± 4.00 | 11.03 ± 4.10 | 0.1822 |
| LVEF, % | 55.03 ± 10.28 | 54.52 ± 11.15 | 0.6344 |
BMI, body mass index; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction. Data are reported as n (%), mean ± SD or median (quartiles).