Figure 2.

Treatment with SMGO increased (a) the survival rate, and decreased (b) AST, (c) ALT, and (d) ALP serum levels of CCl₄-induced acute liver damage in rats collected 96 h after treatment (n = 5, *P < 0.05, #P < 0.01). Here, nano refers to SMGO. Data are presented as mean ± SD. (*) and (#) indicate differences from the CCl₄ and control groups respectively, as determined by ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test. ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate aminotransferase, ALP: alkaline phosphatase, CCl₄: carbon tetrachloride. Abbreviations: CM, conditioned medium; CCL₄, carbon tetrachloride; and SMGO, silica magnetic graphene oxide.