Table 2.
Microbiological analysis of bacterial, viral and fungal infections in patients receiving CAR T-cell therapy.
| Reference | Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy | N | Syndromes (n) | Bacteria (n) | Viral (n) | Fungal (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abramson et al.34 | Lisocabtagene maraleucel | 269 | Pneumonia (9) Sepsis and septic shock (6) Urinary tract infection (4) Skin infection (2) Appendicitis and peritonitis (2) |
Clostridioides difficile (2) Streptococcus spp. (3) Enterococcus spp. (1) Listeria monocytogenes (1) Salmonella spp. (1) Staphylococcus spp. (2) |
Coronavirus (1) Cytomegalovirus (1) Parainfluenza virus (1) JC virus (1) |
Candida spp. (2) |
| Locke et al.38 | Axicabtagene ciloleucel | 108 | Pneumonia (19) Upper respiratory tract infection (9) Urinary tract infection (10) Sepsis (1) Cellulitis (1) Osteomyelitis (1) Wound infection (1) |
Clostridioides difficile (9) Klebsiella spp. (1) Staphylococcus spp. (1) Salmonella spp. (1) |
Varicella zoster virus (8) Herpes simplex virus (6) Influenza virus (2) Cytomegalovirus (3) Hepatitis B virus (1) Human herpes virus 6 (1) Parainfluenza virus (1) Rhinovirus (1) |
Candida spp. (4) Aspergillus spp. (1) |
| Logue et al.35 | Axicabtagene ciloleucel | 85 | Upper respiratory tract infection (29) Sepsis (7) Urinary tract infection (4) Cellulitis (2) Pneumonia (6) |
Clostridioides difficile (13) Staphylococcus spp. (4) Streptococcus spp. (1) Enterococcus spp. (1) Escherichia coli (1) Bacteroides spp. (1) |
Rhinovirus (11) Influenza (4) Respiratory syncytial virus (2) |
Candida krusei (1) Fusarium spp. (1) |
| Wittmann Dayagi et al.36 | CD28-based CAR T cells | 88 | Bacteraemia (4) Genitourinary tract infection (3) Pneumonia (5) Soft tissue infection (7) Ear infection (1) |
Clostridioides difficile (3) Staphylococcus spp. (2) Streptococcus spp. (1) Enterococcus spp. (1) Bacteroides fragilis (1) Enterococcus spp. (1) Veillonella spp. (1) Klebsiella spp. (1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1) |
Cytomegalovirus (2) Epstein-Barr virus (1) Herpes simplex virus (4) BK virus (2) Enterovirus (1) |
Aspergillus niger (1) |
| Baird et al.37 | Axicabtagene ciloleucel | 41 | Lower respiratory tract infection (8) Bacteraemia (1) Urinary tract infection (6) Pneumonia (1) Cellulitis (3) Diverticulitis (1) |
Clostridioides difficile (3) Escherichia coli (6) Mycobacterium chelonae (1) Campylobacter spp. (1) |
Varicella zoster virus (7) Respiratory viruses (11) Cytomegalovirus (4) BK virus (2) Human herpesvirus 6 (1) |
Pneumocystis jirovecii (3) Candida spp. (6) Mould (1) |
| Wudhikarn et al.22 | Axicabtagene ciloleucel OR tisagenlecleucel | 60 | Cellulitis (4) Urinary tract infection (12) Respiratory tract infection (12) Gastrointestinal tract infection (9) |
Clostridioides difficile (9) Escherichia coli (5) Haemophilus influenzae (3) Staphylococcus spp. (2) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1) Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1) |
Rhinovirus (27) Parainfluenza virus (10) Coronavirus (2) Human metapneumovirus (4) Adenovirus (2) Influenza virus (2) Cytomegalovirus (3) Norovirus (1) BK virus (4) Varicella zoster virus (3) |
Pneumocystis jirovecii (1) Aspergillus spp. (1) |
| Hill et al.21 | Anti-CD19 CAR autologous T cells | 133 | Upper respiratory tract infection (9) Lower respiratory tract infection (2) Urinary tract infection (2) |
Staphylococcus aureus (1) Enterococcus faecium (1) Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1) Fusobacterium spp. (1) |
Rhinovirus (4) Parainfluenza virus (2) Influenza 91) Human metapneumovirus (1) Coronavirus (1) Cytomegalovirus (1) BK virus (1) |
Pneumocystis jirovecii (1) Aspergillus spp. (1) |