Table 4.
Predictors of all-cause patient mortality at 30 days, by surgeon–anaesthesiologist sex discordance
| Variable | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Physician characteristics | ||
| Physician sex discordance | 0.93 (0.80 to 1.07) | 0.30 |
| Surgeon experience, years | ||
| <10 | Reference | Reference |
| 11–20 | 1.24 (0.93 to 1.66) | 0.14 |
| 21–30 | 1.07 (0.76 to 1.51) | 0.71 |
| >30 | 1.26 (0.83 to 1.91) | 0.28 |
| Surgeon volume, per 100 cases | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) | 0.55 |
| Anaesthesiologist volume, per 100 cases | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.02) | 0.79 |
| Anaesthesiologist experience, years | ||
| <10 | Reference | Reference |
| 11–20 | 1.15 (0.92 to 1.45) | 0.22 |
| 21–30 | 1.01 (0.78 to 1.31) | 0.93 |
| >30 | 1.03 (0.78 to 1.37) | 0.82 |
| Patient characteristics | ||
| Patient age, per 10 year | 1.69 (1.57 to 1.80) | <0.001 |
| Female patient sex | 1.56 (1.37 to 1.77) | <0.001 |
| Income quintile | ||
| 1 | 1.44 (1.20 to 1.73) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 1.24 (1.03 to 1.48) | 0.03 |
| 3 | 1.19 (0.99 to 1.44) | 0.07 |
| 4 | 1.09 (0.90 to 1.33) | 0.36 |
| 5 | Reference | Reference |
| Rural residence | 0.95 (0.81 to 1.12) | 0.57 |
| Community hospital | 1.24 (0.81 to 1.91) | 0.33 |
| Hypertension | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.25) | 0.95 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.14 (0.97 to 1.35) | 0.11 |
| Recent MI within 30 days | 1.39 (1.20 to 1.61) | <0.001 |
| Remote MI | 1.24 (1.07 to 1.44) | 0.006 |
| Previous PCI | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.21) | 0.70 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | ||
| ≥50 | Reference | Reference |
| 35–49 | 1.23 (1.07 to 1.42) | 0.004 |
| 20–35 | 1.72 (1.46 to 2.04) | <0.001 |
| <20 | 2.52 (1.91 to 3.32) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 1.90 (1.67 to 2.17) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1.45 (1.26 to 1.67) | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.37 (1.19 to 1.59) | <0.001 |
| Dementia | 2.46 (1.37 to 4.41) | 0.003 |
| Depression | 0.97 (0.66 to 1.42) | 0.86 |
| Psychosis | 1.42 (0.56 to 3.60) | 0.46 |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never | Reference | Reference |
| Current | 1.01 (0.84 to 1.20) | 0.96 |
| Former | 1.01 (0.89 to 1.15) | 0.87 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1.33 (1.18 to 1.49) | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary circulatory disorder | 1.68 (1.33 to 2.13) | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/L) | ||
| <120 | Reference | Reference |
| 120–179 | 1.67 (1.44 to 1.94) | <0.001 |
| >=180 | 2.78 (2.23 to 3.45) | <0.001 |
| Dialysis | 1.14 (0.86 to 1.50) | 0.37 |
| Diabetes | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.08) | 0.49 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.75 (0.52 to 1.08) | 0.12 |
| Morbid obesity | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.09) | 0.61 |
| Primary cancer | 0.97 (0.77 to 1.22) | 0.81 |
| Metastatic cancer | 1.16 (0.59 to 2.31) | 0.66 |
| Anaemia | 1.25 (1.08 to 1.45) | 0.002 |
| Venous thromboembolism | 1.39 (0.80 to 2.44) | 0.25 |
| Liver disease | 1.45 (0.94 to 2.25) | 0.09 |
| Alcohol abuse | 1.21 (0.80 to 1.81) | 0.37 |
| Frailty | 0.82 (0.71 to 0.95) | 0.01 |
| Redo sternotomy | 1.10 (0.87 to 1.40) | 0.44 |
| Emergent surgery | 2.91 (2.49 to 3.39) | <0.001 |
| Complex surgery | 1.32 (1.14 to 1.53) | 0.0002 |
| Surgery duration, per 10 min | 1.07 (1.07 to 1.08) | <0.001 |
Total case volumes reflect the number of cases performed since 1991 until the date of the index procedure.
MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.