Table 4.
Biochemical parameters (total proteins, TP; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST; cholesterol, CHOL; triglycerides, TAG; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH; glucose, GLU) and glutathione (reduced glutathione, GSH; oxidized glutathione, GSSG; glutathione ratio, GSH/GSSG) of C. gariepinus after 0 and 56 days of feeding with four experimental HS diets (HS0, HS1, HS3, HS6).
| Parameters | Initial | HS0 | HS1 | HS3 | HS6 | F | n | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period (d) | Day 0 | Day 56 | Day 56 | Day 56 | Day 56 | Day 56 | Day 56 | Day 56 |
| TP (g L−1) | 27.23 ± 4.95 | 30.14 ± 1.80 | 26.87± 8.88 | 32.29 ± 5.08 | 30.80 ± 4.43 | 1.90 KW | 40 | 0.59 |
| ALT (ukat L−1) | 3.36 ± 1.41 | 0.49 ± 0.27 | 0.35 ± 0.18 | 0.51 ± 0.20 | 0.53 ± 0.12 | 1.59 1WA | 40 | 0.21 |
| AST (ukat L−1) | 2.75 ± 0.82 | 2.26 ± 2.34 | 1.31 ± 0.46 | 1.40 ± 0.34 | 1.20 ± 0.29 | 3.54 KW | 40 | 0.32 |
| CHOL (mmol L−1) | 3.25 ± 0.65 | 2.93 ± 0.27 | 2.68 ± 0.34 | 2.82 ± 0.43 | 2.82 ± 0.51 | 0.62 1WA | 40 | 0.60 |
| TAG (mmol L−1) | 1.49 ± 1.30 | 1.34 ± 1.19 | 0.95 ± 0.22 | 1.71 ± 1.63 | 0.91 ± 0.32 | 3.13 KW | 40 | 0.37 |
| LDH (ukat L−1) | 6.03 ± 2.52 | 3.76 ± 1.76 | 2.73 ± 1.28 | 3.76 ± 1.64 | 2.69 ± 1.25 | 4.81 KW | 40 | 0.19 |
| GLU (mmol L−1) | 4.83 ± 3.85 | 4.73 ± 1.68a | 4.78 ± 1.58a | 4.59 ± 0.66a | 3.20 ± 1.37b | 2.99 1WA | 40 | 0.04 |
| GSH (µM) | 204.65 ± 41.28 | 187.67 ± 68.42 | 174.60 ± 51.89 | 170.78 ± 43.52 | 171.23 ± 29.77 | 0.25 1WA | 40 | 0.86 |
| GSSG (µM) | 43.89 ± 15.65 | 8.74 ± 4.20 | 8.18 ± 4.12 | 6.99 ± 4.00 | 8.61 ± 3.32 | 0.41 1WA | 40 | 0.74 |
| GSH/GSSG (µM) | 2.98 ± 1.26 | 24.90 ± 19.12 | 25.45 ± 16.14 | 30.90 ± 24.05 | 23.99 ± 19.02 | 1.39 KW | 40 | 0.71 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD. Number of considered experimental units (n). One-way ANOVA (1WA) or Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test results are power of test (F), and level of significance (p). Different superscripts (a, b) indicate significant differences (Tukey HSD test, p < 0.05) within one row.