Figure 1.

Association between lameness and calving to first service interval in grazing dairy cows (n: 7156) from a commercial dairy herd evaluated for 7.5 years (January 2010–June 2017). Healthy cows had a median (95%CI) calving to the first service interval of 69 (68–69) days; median survival days were not available for lame cows because they still had more than 50% of cows not inseminated by the end of data collection. Lame cows had a lower hazard of the first service than healthy herd mates (HR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.39–0.48, p < 0.001). Lame: cows diagnosed as lame between calving and first service. Cows were diagnosed as lame when having a locomotion score of ≥4 [16]; healthy: cows not diagnosed as lame during the entire lactation.