Table 2.

Assessment of the risk of bias in the included studies

Reference	Comparator	Randomization process	Deviations from intended interventions	Missing outcome data	Measurement of the outcome	Selection of the reported result	Overall Bias
Putensen et al. 2000	AC–PC versus APRV	Some concerns	High	Some concerns	Some concerns	Low	Some concerns
Varpula et al. 2004	SIMV–PC versus APRV	Some concerns	High	Some concerns	Some concerns	Some concerns	Some concerns
Maxwell et al. 2010	SIMV–VC versus APRV	Some concerns	High	Some concerns	High	Low	Some concerns
Li et al. 2016	SIMV–VC versus APRV	Some concerns	High	Some concerns	Some concerns	Some concerns	Some concerns
Zhou et al. 2017	AC–VC versus APRV	Low	High	Low	Some concerns	Low	Some concerns
Hirshberg et al. 2018	AC–VC versus APRV	Low	High	Low	Low	Low	Low

A/C=Assist control ventilation, AC-PC=Assisted control with pressure control ventilation, APRV=Airway pressure release ventilation, LTV=Low-tidal volume, PC=Pressure control ventilation, SIMV=Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation