Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and history of hospitalization of pediatric coronavirus disease-19 cases based on their hospitalization status
| Characteristic | Total, n (%) | Hospitalized, n (%) | Nonhospitalized, n (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 654 (100) | 31 (4.7) | 623 (95.3) | |
| Age | ||||
| 2 months to <1 year (infant) | 27 (4.1) | 3 (9.7) | 24 (3.9) | 0.024 |
| 1-3 years (toddler) | 121 (18.5) | 11 (35.5) | 110 (17.7) | |
| 4-6 years (preschool) | 120 (18.3) | 4 (12.9) | 116 (18.6) | |
| 7-12 years (school) | 289 (44.2) | 12 (38.7) | 277 (44.5) | |
| 13-18 years (adolescent) | 97 (14.8) | 1 (3.2) | 96 (15.4) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 318 (48.6) | 15 (48.4) | 303 (48.6) | 0.978 |
| Female | 336 (51.4) | 16 (51.6) | 320 (51.4) | |
| Breastfeeding for at least 6 months | ||||
| Yes | 372 (56.9) | 18 (58.1) | 354 (56.8) | 0.437 |
| No | 251 (38.4) | 13 (41.9) | 238 (38.2) | |
| Don’t know | 31 (4.7) | - | 31 (5.0) | |
| Birth status | ||||
| Full-term | 629 (96.2) | 30 (96.8) | 599 (96.1) | 0.859 |
| Preterm | 25 (3.8) | 1 (3.2) | 24 (3.9) | |
| Health care worker co-living in the house | ||||
| Yes | 132 (20.2) | 4 (12.9) | 128 (20.5) | 0.301 |
| No | 522 (79.8) | 27 (87.1) | 495 (79.5) | |
| Smoker in the house (passive smoking) | ||||
| Yes | 214 (32.7) | 6 (19.4) | 208 (33.4) | 0.104 |
| No | 440 (67.3) | 25 (80.6) | 415 (66.6) | |
| Presence of symptoms | ||||
| Asymptomatic | 129 (19.7) | 2 (6.5) | 127 (20.4) | 0.057 |
| Symptomatic | 525 (80.3) | 29 (93.5) | 496 (79.6) | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| All | 102 (15.6) | 6 (19.4) | 96 (15.4) | 0.555 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (0.5) | - | 3 (0.5) | >0.999 |
| Endocrine diseases | 1 (0.2) | - | 1 (0.2) | >0.999 |
| Psychiatric disorders | 4 (0.6) | - | 4 (0.6) | >0.999 |
| Allergic diseasesa | 43 (6.6) | 2 (6.5) | 41 (6.6) | 0.977 |
| Bronchial asthma | 28 (4.3) | 3 (9.7) | 25 (4.0) | 0.128 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 8 (1.2) | - | 8 (1.3) | 0.526 |
| Congenital heart diseases | 5 (0.8) | 1 (3.2) | 4 (0.6) | 0.216 |
| Chronic liver diseases | 1 (0.2) | - | 1 (0.2) | >0.999 |
| Chronic renal diseases | 1 (0.2) | - | 1 (0.2) | >0.999 |
| Hematological diseases | 4 (0.6) | 1 (3.2) | 3 (0.5) | 0.177 |
| Neurological diseases | 2 (0.3) | - | 2 (0.3) | >0.999 |
| Cancer | 2 (0.3) | - | 2 (0.3) | >0.999 |
| Genetic disorder | 69 (10.6) | 2 (6.5) | 67 (10.8) | 0.784 |
| History of previous hospitalization (within the last 12 months) | ||||
| Yes | 68 (10.4) | 6 (19.4) | 62 (10.0) | 0.094 |
| No | 586 (89.6) | 25 (80.6) | 561 (90.0) |
aIncludes atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and anaphylaxis