Table 2. The results of the meta-analysis.
| Studies (n) | OR (95% CI) | p-value | Heterogeneity | Model used | Begg’s test | Egger’s test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 | p-value | |||||||
| Single proportions | ||||||||
| – Hospitalization | 5 | 0.45 (0.15–0.78) | NA | 87% | <0.01 | Random | 0.33 | 0.45 |
| – Severe disease | 8 | 0.34 (0.26–0.44) | NA | 35% | 0.13 | Fixed | 0.62 | 0.88 |
| – Mortality | 11 | 0.26 (0.17–0.38) | NA | 64% | 0.20 | Random | 0.43 | 0.36 |
| Binary outcome | ||||||||
| Hospitalization | ||||||||
| – ICI vs non-ICI | 4 | 2.00 (1.19–3.38) | <0.01 | 45% | 0.14 | Fixed | NA | NA |
| Severe disease | ||||||||
| – ICI vs non-ICI | 5 | 1.55 (0.69–3.51) | 0.29 | 55% | 0.06 | Random | 1.00 | 0.79 |
| Mortality | ||||||||
| – ICI vs Non-ICI | 7 | 1.12 (0.47–1.54) | 0.42 | 42% | 0.11 | Fixed | 0.65 | 0.85 |
| – ICI vs chemotherapy | 6 | 1.09 (0.54–1.97) | 0.56 | 0% | 0.46 | Fixed | 0.85 | 0.73 |
| – ICI vs hormone therapy | 5 | 1.45 (0.70–2.97) | 0.32 | 53% | 0.08 | Random | 1.00 | 0.80 |
| – ICI vs radiotherapy | 4 | 1.13 (0.74–1.74) | 0.57 | 26% | 0.26 | Fixed | NA | NA |
| – ICI vs surgery | 4 | 1.69 (0.95–2.98) | 0.57 | 0% | 0.64 | Fixed | NA | NA |
| – ICI vs targeted therapy | 6 | 2.13 (1.44–3.14) | <0.01 | 15% | 0.32 | Fixed | 0.85 | 0.65 |
ICI: Immune checkpoint inhibitor; NA: Not available; OR: Odds ratio.