Table 4.
Behaviors observed in the study in the two buildings.
Behavior Measure | UM | NV | MV | Estimate | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||||
T1 (40 kg) | |||||||
Tail position up | % | 33.7 | 6.3 | 77.9 | 19.7 | −1.0 | <0.0001 |
Hanging down tail | % | 7.8 | 5.3 | 14.5 | 9.8 | −5.0 | 0.1858 |
Tucked low tail | % | 8.5 | 6.3 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 0.8 | 0.1596 |
Stereotypies | % | 5.7 | 4.2 | 18.4 | 6.7 | −12.7 | <0.0001 |
Negative social behavior | % | 4.1 | 3.9 | 11.0 | 3.9 | −1.1 | 0.0147 |
Positive social behavior | % | 2.1 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 0.5784 |
Pen exploration | % | 74.1 | 13.2 | 75.6 | 3.8 | −1.0 | 0.6607 |
Enrichment exploration | % | 16.0 | 9.8 | 10.4 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.6607 |
Other active behavior | % | 3.7 | 7.9 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.2541 |
Inactive behavior | % | 64.3 | 14.7 | 48.0 | 9.6 | 16.9 | 0.0002 |
T2 (100 kg) | |||||||
Tail position up | % | 87.3 | 9.1 | 84.7 | 7.7 | 1.0 | 0.4801 |
Hanging down tail | % | 8.0 | 6.1 | 10.7 | 5.6 | −1.0 | 0.3360 |
Tucked low tail | % | 4.7 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 5.6 | 1.0 | 0.7913 |
Stereotypies | % | 24.4 | 11.6 | 34.0 | 9.7 | −9.5 | 0.0458 |
Negative social behavior | % | 6.5 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 3.4 | 0.9 | 0.9438 |
Positive social behavior | % | 6.0 | 5.8 | 4.7 | 6.0 | −1.0 | 0.6459 |
Pen exploration | % | 70.3 | 13.4 | 74.0 | 9.2 | −3.7 | 0.4680 |
Enrichment exploration | % | 9.2 | 4.3 | 11.3 | 2.8 | −2.1 | 0.1999 |
Other active behavior | % | 8.0 | 11.7 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 0.8 | 0.1983 |
Inactive behavior | % | 54.8 | 12.8 | 54.0 | 11.0 | 0.9 | 0.8719 |
T3 (160 kg) | |||||||
Tail position up | % | 97.3 | 5.6 | 94.0 | 7.3 | 1.0 | 0.2565 |
Hanging down tail | % | 2.0 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 1.0 | 0.0111 |
Tucked low tail | % | 0.7 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 1.2 | 0.5370 |
Stereotypies | % | 19.3 | 12.2 | 16.3 | 10.3 | 3.0 | 0.5434 |
Negative social behavior | % | 1.5 | 2.1 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 0.5 | 0.0408 |
Positive social behavior | % | 2.7 | 2.3 | 4.8 | 7.0 | 1.2 | 0.3060 |
Pen exploration | % | 77.7 | 15.4 | 78.9 | 12.4 | 1.0 | 0.8505 |
Enrichment exploration | % | 5.4 | 4.4 | 7.1 | 9.0 | 1.0 | 0.5658 |
Other active behavior | % | 12.7 | 13.6 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 0.7 | 0.0337 |
Inactive behavior | % | 52.4 | 19.0 | 76.4 | 14.0 | 1.0 | 0.0043 |
UM = unit of measurement; NV = naturally ventilated building; MV = mechanical ventilated building.