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. 2021 Aug 11;11(8):2368. doi: 10.3390/ani11082368

Table 1.

Distribution of variance components followed in the gene expression study [39].

Confounding Variance Studied Variance
Components Inter Subject Variance Processing Noise Treatment Effect
Source 1. Different base line expression
2. Different response to treatment
1. Sampling
2. RT
3. qPCR
Difference between groups induced by treatment
Intervention 1. Randomised
2. Used appropriate sample size
3. Used paired measures
1. Used replicates
2. Normalized to reference gene or spike
Maximized effect (by selecting heat tolerant Vechur and Kasaragod and heat susceptible crossbred cattle