FIG 6.

A working model demonstrating the main genes and pathways involved in entry into the VBNC state of Candida sp. strain LN1. Regulation of genes underlying the formation of the VBNC state can be divided into categories “carbohydrate metabolism” (A), “energy metabolism” (B), “xenobiotics degradation” (C), “RNA polymerase” (D), “amino acid metabolism” (E), “DNA replication and repair” (F), “oxidative stress response” (G), and others (H). The downregulated genes are indicated in green, whereas the upregulated genes are shown in red. Most genes involved in glycolysis, the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, degradation of aromatic compounds and benzoate, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, and peroxidase were downregulated, except for the genes LN1_1508 and LN1_5322. Some genes related to RNA polymerase, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, DNA replication and repair, cell wall biogenesis, and multidrug resistance protein are upregulated. *, genes were verified by RT-qPCR analysis.