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The effects of AvS and/or CsA treatment on the levels of IFN-γ, TNFα, IL1β, MCP1, ICAM1, and VCAM1 in rat kidneys, as detected by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as fold change (mean) ± SEM (n = 7/group). Columns with different letters (a–c) are significantly different at p < 0.05.
