Table 1.
Skin antiaging efficacy of cosmeceuticals containing nicotinamide alone or with other active ingredients.
| Literature | Study Format | No. of Subjects | Compared Formulations | Treatment | Key Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [23] | A double-blind, placebo-controlled, split-face, left–right randomized clinical study | 50 | An oil-in-water moisturizer (placebo control | To each side of the face was applied each product, twice daily for 12 weeks. | Improved fine lines/wrinkles, hyperpigmentation spots, texture, red blotchiness, and skin yellowing (sallowness) compared to the control in endpoints. |
| 5% nicotinamide | |||||
| [24] | A double-blind, placebo formulation–controlled, split-face study with left–right randomization | 50 | An oil-in-water moisturizer (placebo control | To each side of the face was applied each product, twice daily for 12 weeks. | Reduced fine lines, wrinkles, hyperpigmented spots, red blotchiness, and skin sallowness (yellowing), and increased elasticity (as measured via cutometry). |
| 5% nicotinamide | |||||
| [133] | A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, split-face comparative study | 27 | An aqueous serum | Test serum was applied evenly to one side of the face and vehicle to the other side twice daily for 12 weeks. | Combination of kinetin and nicotinamide reduced pore, wrinkle, unevenness, erythema, and spot at weeks 8 and 12 and increased corneal moisture at week 12. Nicotinamide alone reduced pore and unevenness at week 8 and wrinkle at week 12. |
| 0.03% kinetin + 4% nicotinamide | |||||
| 25 | An aqueous serum | ||||
| 4% nicotinamide | |||||
| [134] | A randomized, placebo-controlled, split-face study | 30 | A vehicle lotion | The test product was applied on wrinkles of one side and a control product on the other side for 8 weeks. | Test product reduced wrinkle grades and average roughness of skin surface (Ra value) in the tested skin area to lower levels compared to pre-application (p < 0.001) and the vehicle control (p < 0.001) in endpoints. |
| 4% nicotinamide | |||||
| [135] | A randomized, parallel-group facial appearance study | 99 | A daytime lotion (SPF 30) containing 5% nicotinamide and peptides; a night cream containing nicotinamide and peptides; a wrinkle treatment containing nicotinamide, peptides, and 0.3% retinyl propionate. | Subjects applied a wrinkle treatment twice daily, a daytime lotion, and the night cream daily. | The cosmetic regimen significantly improved wrinkle appearance after 8 weeks relative to tretinoin in the total population, with comparable benefits in subject cohorts (n = 25) who continued treatment for an additional 16 weeks. |
| 97 | 0.02% tretinoin in an emollient base; a sunscreen (SPF 30) | ||||
| [136] | A randomized, double-blinded, vehicle-controlled, split-face study | 40 | A simple oil-in-water emulsion | Subjects applied the products twice daily to either the left- or right-hand side of their face at 2 mg cm−2. | Test product improved stratum corneum hydration, barrier function, elasticity, and surface topography compared with the vehicle control in endpoints. |
| 2% gold silk sericin, 5% nicotinamide, 0.1% signalineTM (diacylglycerol and fatty alcohols) | |||||
| [137] | An open-label, single-center study | 25 | 0.5% retinol, 4.4% nicotinamide, 1% resveratrol, and 1.1% hexylresorcinol | Treatment at night for 10 weeks. | The formulation improved hyperpigmentation, overall skin clarity, evenness of skin tone, and wrinkles compared to baseline at week 4 and through week 10. |
| [138] | A double-blind, randomized, split-face, vehicle-controlled study | 24 | 2% human adipocyte-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium and 2% nicotinamide | Applied twice daily for 3 weeks after fractional ablative CO2 laser treatment. | The formulation reduced the wrinkle index (p = 0.036) and melanin index (p = 0.043) compared to the control group. |
| A vehicle cream |