Table 2. Association between sarcopenic obesity and risk of impairment in different domains of cognitive function.
| Sarcopenic Obese (n = 39) | Sarcopenic (n = 98) | Obese (n = 177) | Normal (n = 221) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | ||
| Global cognitive function | |||||||
| model 1 | 3.75 (1.69–8.13) | < .01** | 3.00 (1.65–5.49) | < .01** | 1.78 (1.03–3.13) | .041* | 1.0 |
| model 2 | 1.55 (0.62–3.77) | .335 | 1.46 (0.74–2.89) | .274 | 1.59 (0.88–2.89) | .125 | 1.0 |
| model 3 | 1.62 (0.58–4.47) | .350 | 1.16 (0.53–2.50) | .706 | 1.55 (0.80–3.02) | .192 | 1.0 |
| Immediate memory | |||||||
| model 1 | 2.44 (1.10–5.21) | .023* | 1.99 (1.11–3.54) | .020* | 1.12 (0.65–1.92) | .673 | 1.0 |
| model 2 | 1.38 (0.56–3.27) | .468 | 1.25 (0.64–2.40) | .504 | 0.96 (0.54–1.68) | .875 | 1.0 |
| model 3 | 1.34 (0.52–3.32) | .534 | 1.10 (0.55–2.18) | .777 | 0.87 (0.48–1.55) | .631 | 1.0 |
| Visuospatial/constructional | |||||||
| model 1 | 4.31 (2.00–9.17) | < .01** | 1.77 (0.93–3.31) | .077 | 1.30 (0.73–2.29) | .370 | 1.0 |
| model 2 | 2.15 (0.87–5.22) | .092 | 0.85 (0.40–1.74) | .651 | 1.10 (0.60–2.02) | .757 | 1.0 |
| model 3 | 2.09 (0.80–5.44) | .132 | 0.68 (0.31–1.46) | .334 | 1.02 (0.53–1.93) | .963 | 1.0 |
| Language | |||||||
| model 1 | 0.77 (0.28–1.85) | .592 | 1.46 (0.82–2.56) | .190 | 1.05 (0.63–1.73) | .847 | 1.0 |
| model 2 | 0.44 (0.14–1.18) | .123 | 0.98 (0.50–1.86) | .943 | 0.94 (0.55–1.59) | .822 | 1.0 |
| model 3 | 0.40 (0.12–1.12) | .097 | 0.85 (0.43–1.67) | .644 | 0.86 (0.49–1.48) | .586 | 1.0 |
| Attention | |||||||
| model 1 | 2.48 (1.05–5.53) | .031* | 1.73 (0.90–3.27) | .095 | 2.24 (1.32–3.84) | < .01** | 1.0 |
| model 2 | 1.17 (0.45–2.88) | .737 | 0.96 (0.46–1.96) | .909 | 2.05 (1.18–3.60) | .012* | 1.0 |
| model 3 | 1.07 (0.37–2.92) | .904 | 0.68 (0.30–1.49) | .340 | 2.05 (1.12–3.82) | .021* | 1.0 |
| Delayed memory | |||||||
| model 1 | 4.18 (1.76–9.61) | < .01** | 1.92 (0.92–3.95) | .077 | 1.35 (0.70–2.64) | .369 | 1.0 |
| model 2 | 1.68 (0.63–4.32) | .289 | 0.79 (0.35–1.77) | .573 | 1.14 (0.56–2.31) | .713 | 1.0 |
| model 3 | 1.67 (0.61–4.45) | .312 | 0.70 (0.30–1.60) | .405 | 1.08 (0.52–2.26) | .830 | 1.0 |
Model 1: Unadjusted; model 2: Adjusted for age groups, gender, physical activity levels, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, stroke, and depression; model 3: Model 2 and years of education. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
*p < .05,
** p < .01.