A2	adenosine receptor
Ab	antibody
ACh	acetylcholine
ACTH	adrenocorticotropic hormone
AJA	ajulemic acid
APF	antiproliferative factor
ASC	apoptosis-associated speck-like protein
A7R5	smooth muscle cell line
AYPGKF-NH2	PAR4 agonist
BCP	beta-caryophyllene
BTX-A	botulinum toxin A
CAT	catalase
CB	cannabinoid receptor
CBX	carbenexolone
CD	cluster of differentiation
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide
CRH	corticotropin-releasing hormone
CS	chondroitin sulfate
CYP	cyclophosphamide
DMSO	dimethyl sulfoxide
DRG	dorsal root ganglia
ECSWT	extracorporeal shock wave therapy
EGCG	epigallocatechin gallate
eNOS	endothelial nitric oxide synthase
EP	prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FcεRIα	high-affinity IgE receptor
FTLK	transcriptional factors FOXA1, TP63, MYCL, and KLF4
GAG	glycosaminoglycan
GM-0111	modified GAG
GSDMD	gasdermin D
GSH	glutathione
HA	hyaluronic acid
H-BLAK	primary human bladder cell line
h-ESC	human embryonic stem cells
HMGB1	high mobility group box 1
HO-1	heme oxygenase-1
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HTB4, HRB2	human urothelial cells
ICAM	intercellular adhesion molecule
IC/BPS	interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome
ICI	intercontraction interval
IFN-γ	interferon gamma
IκBα	inhibitor of NF-κB
IL	interleukin
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
JAK	janus kinase
KC	keratinocytes-derived chemokine
LDH	lactate dehydrogenase
LL37	antimicrobial peptide
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MDA	malondialdehyde
MIF	macrophage migration inhibitory factor
miR	microRNA
MMP9	matrix metalloproteinase 9
M-MSC	multipotent mesenchymal stem cells
MPO	myeloperoxidase
MSC	mesenchymal stem cells
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa B
NGF	nerve growth factor
NK1R	neurokinin 1 receptor
NLRP3	NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3
NMDAR	N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor
NOX	NAPDH oxidase
NQO-1	NADPH quinine oxidoreductase
NRK-52E	renal tubular epithelial cell line
NVC	non-voiding contraction
OVX	ovariectomized
P1, P2	purinoceptors
P2X	purinergic receptors
p38	mitogen-activated protein kinase
p65	NF-κB subunit
p-AKT	protein kinase B, phosphorylated
PAR	proteinase-activated receptor
PGE2	prostaglandin 2
PMN	polymorphonuclear cells
p-mTOR	mechanistic target of rapamycin, phosphorylated
POMC	pro-opiomelanocortin
PPAR	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PPS	pentosan polysulfate sodium
PS	protamine sulfate
PTX3	pentraxin 3
RANTES	chemokine ligand 5
RhoA	Ras homolog gene family, member A
rhsTM	recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin
ROCK	Rho-associated protein kinase; R
OS	reactive oxygen species;
RT112	3D human bladder epithelium preparation
SAGE	semi-synthetic glycosaminoglycan ethers
SC	stem cells
SD rats	Sprague-Dawley rats
sGC	soluble guanylyl cyclase
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MDA	malondialdehyde
SMAD	proteins for signal transduction of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily
TRPV	transient receptor potential channel, vanilloid subgroup
UPK	uroplakin
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
ZO-1	tight junction protein 1