Figure 2.

Schematic representation summarizing the literature in the field showing that chronic high salt induced an increase in the intracellular levels of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and activation of CaMKII (calmodulin kinase II) and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). I_Ca: L-type Ca²⁺ channels; [Na⁺]_o: extracellular Na⁺ concentration.