Table 3.
Baseline characteristics by disease severity
| Asymptomatic (n=456) | Mild or moderate (n=586) | Severe or critical (n=259) | Total (n=1301) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income group* | <0·0001 | |||||
| Low-income or lower-middle-income country | 87/288 (30·2%) | 81/288 (28·1%) | 120/288 (41·7%) | 288 | .. | |
| Upper-middle-income country | 233/702 (33·2%) | 353/702 (50·3%) | 116/702 (16·5%) | 702 | .. | |
| High-income country | 136/311 (43·7%) | 152/311 (48·9%) | 23/311 (7·4%) | 311 | .. | |
| Age, years* | 0·013 | |||||
| <1 | 13/31 (41·9%) | 15/31 (48·4%) | 3/31 (9·7%) | 31 | .. | |
| 1–9 | 264/707 (37·3%) | 315/707 (44·6%) | 128/707 (18·1%) | 707 | .. | |
| 10–14 | 120/336 (35·7%) | 150/336 (44·6%) | 66/336 (19·6%) | 336 | .. | |
| 15–18 | 59/227 (26·0%) | 106/227 (46·7%) | 62/227 (27·3%) | 227 | .. | |
| Sex* | 0·32 | |||||
| Male | 285/778 (36·6%) | 345/778 (44·3%) | 148/778 (19·0%) | 778 | .. | |
| Female | 171/521 (32·8%) | 239/521 (45·9%) | 111/521 (21·3%) | 521 | .. | |
| Other† | 0 | 2/2 (100·0%) | 0 | 2 | .. | |
| Cancer type | <0·0001 | |||||
| Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or acute lymphoblastic lymphoma | 184 (40·4%) | 309 (52·7%) | 145 (56·0%) | 638 (49·0%) | .. | |
| Other haematological malignancies | 68 (14·9%) | 106 (18·1%) | 63 (24·3%) | 237 (18·2%) | .. | |
| Solid tumours | 143 (31·4%) | 128 (21·8%) | 41 (15·8%) | 312 (24·0%) | .. | |
| CNS tumours | 57 (12·5%) | 42 (7·2%) | 7 (2·7%) | 106 (8·1%) | .. | |
| Post-haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, non-malignancy† | 4 (0·9%) | 1 (0·2%) | 3 (1·2%) | 8 (0·6%) | .. | |
| Phase of treatment*‡ | 0·0001 | |||||
| Induction | 37/168 (22·0%) | 80/168 (47·6%) | 51/168 (30·4%) | 168 | .. | |
| Consolidation | 48/106 (45·3%) | 46/106 (43·4%) | 12/106 (11·3%) | 106 | .. | |
| Reinduction or interim maintenance | 24/62 (38·7%) | 27/62 (43·5%) | 11/62 (17·7%) | 62 | .. | |
| Maintenance or continuation | 44/172 (25·6%) | 95/172 (55·2%) | 33/172 (19·2%) | 172 | .. | |
| Relapse or refractory therapy | 15/57 (26·3%) | 25/57 (43·9%) | 17/57 (29·8%) | 57 | .. | |
| Immunotherapy or cell therapy† | 2/3 (66·7%) | 1/3 (33·3%) | 0 | 3 | .. | |
| Received haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation* | 0·58 | |||||
| Yes | 30/76 (39·5%) | 30/76 (39·5%) | 16/76 (21·1%) | 76 | .. | |
| No | 425/1224 (34·7%) | 556/1224 (45·4%) | 243/1224 (19·9%) | 1224 | .. | |
| Unknown† | 1/1 (100·0%) | 0 | 0 | 1 | .. | |
| Time since transplant, days* | 0·61 | |||||
| <30 | 1/6 (16·7%) | 3/6 (50·0%) | 2/6 (33·3%) | 6 | .. | |
| 31–99 | 5/13 (38·5%) | 3/13 (23·1%) | 5/13 (38·5%) | 13 | .. | |
| 100–300 | 5/17 (29·4%) | 9/17 (52·9%) | 3/17 (17·6%) | 17 | .. | |
| >300 | 12/30 (40·0%) | 12/30 (40·0%) | 6/30 (20·0%) | 30 | .. | |
| Unknown† | 1/3 (33·3%) | 2/3 (66·7%) | 0 | 3 | .. | |
| Absolute neutrophil count, cells per mm3 | <0·0001 | |||||
| ≤500 | 42/299 (14·0%) | 164/509 (32·2%) | 124/247 (50·2%) | 330/1055 (31·3%) | .. | |
| >500 | 257/299 (86·0%) | 345/509 (67·8%) | 123/247 (49·8%) | 725/1055 (68·7%) | .. | |
| Absolute lymphocyte count, cells per mm3 | <0·0001 | |||||
| ≤300 | 30/297 (10·1%) | 107/502 (21·3%) | 103/241 (42·7%) | 240/1040 (23·1%) | .. | |
| >300 | 267/297 (89·9%) | 395/502 (78·7%) | 138/241 (57·3%) | 800/1040 (76·9%) | .. | |
| Comorbidities* | 0·0007 | |||||
| At least one comorbidity | 376/1016 (37·0%) | 449/1016 (44·2%) | 191/1016 (18·8%) | 1016 | .. | |
| None | 55/223 (24·7%) | 108/223 (48·4%) | 60/223 (26·9%) | 223 | .. | |
| Unknown† | 25/62 (40·3%) | 29/62 (46·8%) | 8/62 (12·9%) | 62 | .. | |
| Intensive treatment* | <0·0001 | |||||
| Yes | 105/422 (24·9%) | 183/422 (43·4%) | 134/422 (31·8%) | 422 | .. | |
| No | 351/879 (39·9%) | 403/879 (45·8%) | 125/879 (14·2%) | 879 | .. | |
p values were calculated using the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test.
*
Data based on row totals rather than column totals.
†
Excluded from significance testing.
‡
Phase of treatment refers to acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or acute lymphoblastic lymphoma.