Table 5.
Association between periodontal parameters with COVID-19 complications
| Parameters | Assisted ventilation | Hospital admission | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not required | Required | P value | OR | Not required | Required | P value | OR | ||
| Bleeding on probing | Absent | 29 (35.4) | 7 (8.5) | 0.004* | Ref | 18 (22) | 18 (22) | 0.014* | Ref |
| Present | 23 (28) | 23 (28) | 4.14(1.51–11.34)* | 11 (13.4) | 35 (42.7) | 3.18(1.24–8.15)* | |||
| Mean probing depth | 0–2mm | 44 (53.7) | 11 (13.4) | 0.001* | Ref | 29 (35.4) | 26 (31.7) | 0.001* | Ref |
| > 2–5mm | 5 (6.1) | 9 (11) | 7.20 (2.00–25.82)* | 0 (0.0) | 14 (17.1) | - | |||
| > 5mm | 3 (3.7) | 10 (12.2) | 13.33(3.12–56.81)* | 0 (0.0) | 13 (15.9) | - | |||
| Recession | Absent | 47 (57.3) | 16 (19.5) | 0.001* | Ref | 29 (35.4) | 34 (41.5) | 0.001* | Ref |
| Present | 5 (6.1) | 14 (17.1) | 8.22(2.55–26.45)* | 0 (0.0) | 19 (23.2) | - | |||
| Periodontal status | Healthy, Gingivitis and Stage I periodontitis | 41 (50) | 10 (12.19) | 0.001* | Ref | 28 (34.14) | 23 (28.04) | 0.001* | Ref |
| Stage II–IV periodontitis | 11 (13.41) | 20 (24.39) | 7.45(2.71–20.45)* | 1 (1.21) | 30 (36.58) | 36.52(4.62–288.64)* | |||
| Mean clinical attachment loss | 0–2mm | 45 (54.9) | 13 (15.9) | 0.001* | Ref | 29 (35.4) | 29 (35.4) | 0.001* | Ref |
| 3–4mm | 7 (8.5) | 11 (13.4) | 5.43 (1.75–16.85)* | 0 (0.0) | 18 (22) | - | |||
| > 5mm | 0 (0.0) | 6 (7.3) | - | 0 (0.0) | 6 (7.3) | - | |||
| No. of teeth missing due to periodontal reasons | No missing teeth | 24 (29.3) | 12 (14.6) | 0.658 | Ref | 17 (20.7) | 19 (23.2) | 0.022* | Ref |
| 1–4 teeth lost | 20 (24.4) | 11 (13.4) | 1.10 (0.40–3.02) | 11(13.4) | 20 (24.4) | 1.62(0.60–4.35) | |||
| > 4 teeth lost | 8 (9.8) | 7 (8.5) | 1.75(0.51–5.97) | 1 (1.2) | 14 (17.1) | 12.52(1.48–105.58)* | |||
| Parameters | Survival | COVID-19 pneumonia | |||||||
| Survived | Deceased | P value | OR | Absent | Present | P value | OR | ||
| Bleeding on probing | Absent | 34 (41.5) | 2 (2.4) | 0.456 | Ref | 31 (37.8) | 5 (6.1) | 0.019* | Ref |
| Present | 40 (48.8) | 6 (7.3) | 2.55(0.48–13.46) | 29 (35.4) | 17 (20.7) | 3.63(1.18–11.12)* | |||
| Mean probing depth | 0–2mm | 52(63.4) | 3 (3.7) | 0.030* | Ref | 46 (56.1) | 9 (11) | 0.001* | Ref |
| > 2–5mm | 13 (15.9) | 1 (1.2) | 1.33 (0.12–13.88) | 10 (12.2) | 4 (4.9) | 2.04(0.52–7.98) | |||
| > 5mm | 9 (11) | 4 (4.9) | 7.70 (1.47–40.34)* | 4 (4.9) | 9 (11) | 11.50(2.90–45.59)* | |||
| Recession | Absent | 61 (74.4) | 2 (2.4) | 0.002* | Ref | 52 (63.4) | 11 (13.4) | 0.001* | Ref |
| Present | 13 (15.9) | 6 (7.3) | 14.07(2.54–77.72)* | 8 (9.8) | 11 (13.4) | 6.50 (2.12–19.90)* | |||
| Periodontal status | Healthy, Gingivitis and Stage I periodontitis | 50 (60.97) | 1 (1.21) | 0.004* | Ref | 43 (52.43) | 8 (9.75) | 0.005* | Ref |
| Stage II–IV periodontitis | 24 (29.26) | 7 (8.53) | 14.58(1.69–125.33)* | 17 (20.73) | 14 (17.07) | 4.42(1.57–12.45)* | |||
| Mean clinical attachment loss | 0–2mm | 56 (68.3) | 2 (2.4) | 0.005* | Ref | 48 (58.5) | 10 (12.2) | 0.001* | Ref |
| 3–4mm | 14(17.1) | 4 (4.9) | 7.71(1.27–46.49)* | 12 (14.6) | 6 (7.3) | 2.40(0.72–7.91) | |||
| > 5mm | 4(4.9) | 2 (2.4) | 13.50 (1.48–122.75)* | 0 (0.0) | 6 (7.3) | - | |||
| No. of teeth missing due to periodontal reasons | No missing teeth | 34(41.5) | 2 (2.4) | 0.387 | Ref | 26 (31.7) | 10 (12.2) | 0.732 | Ref |
| 1–4 teeth lost | 26 (31.7) | 5 (6.1) | 3.26(0.58–18.21) | 24 (29.3) | 7 (8.5) | 0.75(0.24–2.31) | |||
| > 4 teeth lost | 14 (7.1) | 1 (1.2) | 1.21(0.10–14.49) | 10 (12.2) | 5 (6.1) | 1.30(0.35–4.75) | |||
*Statistically significant (p < 0.05); OR odds ratio