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. 2021 Feb 2;36(9):2571–2578. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06432-7

Table 3.

Potentially Stigmatizing or Biasing Topics: Examples and Suggestions21,22

Chief complaint Primary concern/reason for visit instead of complaint
Obesity Document the patient’s BMI. When needed, document obesity as a condition the patient has, not as an adjective.
Diabetes Document diabetes as a condition or diagnosis, not as an adjective (diabetic)
Diabetes management High A1c or hyperglycemia, rather than uncontrolled diabetes; A1C level is above X goal
Adherence Has difficulty with treatment plan, rather than non-compliant: describe the behavior; e.g., she takes the medication only twice a week. She worries about relying too much on a medicine.
Drug use disorders Use alcohol or substance use disorder, rather than describing patient as alcoholic, IVDU, addict; Urine tox was negative or contained no other drugs, rather than was clean or dirty
History Does not or has not instead of denies (history of present illness is subjective/reported by its nature)
Gender Ask and document gender identity and pronouns to match patient’s expressed identity
Age Consider stating age, rather than describing patient as elderly
Difference in approach Describe the difference and the patient’s reason: patient declines or chooses not to, or prefers not to for X reason, rather than refuses
Race/ethnicity Adopt a consistent approach, rather than one that documents race/ethnicity only when the patient is not Caucasian
Sickle cell disease Patient with Sickle Cell Disease, rather than sickler
General Quotation marks may occasionally suggest skepticism