Table 2.

Logistic Regression for the Association Between Sleep Disorders and Frailty, Stratified by Sex

Variables		Unadjusted	Adjusteda
		OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
All	OSA
	Without OSA	1.00	1.00
	Prior diagnosis of OSA	1.22 (0.47, 3.14)	1.23 (0.43, 3.50)
	High risk of OSA	1.76 (1.26, 2.46)**	1.59 (1.07, 2.38)*
	Insomnia	2.79 (2.03, 3.85)***	2.11 (1.41, 3.16)***
	Sleepiness	1.91 (1.34, 2.72)***	1.38 (0.90, 2.12)
	Self-assessed sleep duration
	< 5 h	1.42 (0.89, 2.28)	0.65 (0.36, 1.18)
	5–6 h	1.14 (0.78, 1.65)	0.96 (0.63, 1.47)
	7–8 h	1.00	1.00
	≥ 9 h	1.78 (0.83, 3.84)	1.42 (0.60, 3.38)
Men	OSA
	Without OSA	1.00	1.00
	Prior diagnosis of OSA	0.37 (0.05, 2.79)	0.32 (0.04, 2.65)
	High risk of OSA	1.52 (0.90, 2.57)	1.19 (0.65, 2.19)
	Insomnia	2.59 (1.56, 4.28)***	1.88 (1.01, 3.52)*
	Sleepiness	2.46 (1.44, 4.20)**	1.51 (0.79, 2.88)
	Self-assessed sleep duration
	< 5 h	1.85 (0.85, 4.03)	1.10 (0.42, 2.84)
	5–6 h	1.65 (0.89, 3.07)	1.62 (0.82, 3.24)
	7–8 h	1.00	1.00
	≥ 9 h	1.41 (0.30, 6.57)	1.29 (0.24, 6.85)
Women	OSA
	Without OSA	1.00	1.00
	Prior diagnosis of OSA	3.90 (1.17, 13.03)*	4.02 (0.99, 16.22)
	High risk of OSA	1.99 (1.29, 3.08)**	1.84 (1.05, 3.22)*
	Insomnia	2.83 (1.86, 4.29)***	2.38 (1.35, 4.20)**
	Sleepiness	1.58 (0.98, 2.55)	1.41 (0.77, 2.61)
	Self-assessed sleep duration
	< 5 h	1.24 (0.67, 2.26)	0.49 (0.22, 1.11)
	5–6 h	0.92 (0.57, 1.48)	0.64 (0.35, 1.15)
	7–8 h	1.00	1.00
	≥ 9 h	1.84 (0.74, 4.55)	1.42 (0.48, 4.19)

Notes:^aAdjusted for age, education, married/civil union, napping, current alcohol consumption, current smoking, clinically significant depression symptoms, cognitive decline, comorbidities, use of medications related to nervous system.***p<0.001, **p<0.01, * p<0.05.

Abbreviations: OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.