| 2D | Two-dimensional |
| 3D | Three-dimensional |
| Ang-1 | Angiopoietin-1 |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| BA | Biogenic apatite |
| BG | Bioactive glass |
| BMP-2 | Bone morphogenic protein-2 |
| CaPs | Calcium phosphates |
| ET-1 | Endothelin-1 |
| EMT | Epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| FGF | Fibroblast growth factor |
| GelMA | Gelatin methacrylate |
| HA | Hydroxyapatite |
| hFOB | Human fetal osteoblasts |
| HIF | Hypoxia-induced factor |
| HUVEC | Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells |
| IGF | Insulin growth factor |
| IL-6,8,11 | Interleukin-6,8,11 |
| LOX | Lysyl oxidase |
| MSCs | Mesenchymal stromal cells |
| nHA | Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles |
| OCN | Osteocalcin |
| ON | Osteonectin |
| OPN | Osteopontin |
| PCL | Polycaprolactone |
| PDGF | Platelet-derived growth factor |
| PDPN | Podoplanin |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
| PEGDA | Polyethylene glycol diacrylate |
| PTHrP | Parathyroid hormone-related protein |
| PLA | Polylactic acid |
| RANKL | Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa Β ligand |
| SOST | Sclerostin |
| TCP | Tricalcium phosphate |
| TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-beta |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |