Table 2.
PPA patients’ responses on the Multilingual Aphasia Examination Sentence Repetition test.
| Analysis on Sentence-Level | Analysis on Word-Level | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 = No; 1 = Yes | Frequency | ||||||||||||||
| Item | Produced Sentence | Correct 0/1 | Erroneous Correct 0/1 | Uncertain/Repaired Correct 0/1 | Required Stimulus Repetition Correct 0/1 | Misordered Words Correct 0/1 | Violation of Syntactic Rules Correct 0/1 | Omission | Semantic Substitution | Formal Errors | Phonological Errors | Phonological Errors Affecting Morphemes | Grammatical Errors | Sound Deviations | Not Classified Errors |
| NS: lv-PPA patient | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | Take this home | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 2 | Where is the child? | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 3 | The car will not run | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 4 | Why are they not living here? | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 5 | The band (.) played and the /kraʊnd/ (5) cheered | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
| 6 | Where are you going to work next summer? | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 7 | He sold his house /ən/ moved to the farm | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
| 8 | Work in the garden until you’ve picked all the beans | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 9 | The artist /peɪtəd / painted (3) many pictures of the /fɑ: / no sorry | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 2 | |||||
| 10 | This doctor doesn’t go to all of the towns | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 * | ||||||
| 11 | She should be able to tell us when /ʃɜ: / (2) when she (.) is (.) performing | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
| 12 | Why /dɒn / (.) that group (1) why doesn’t that group apply (.) for (.) money | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 * | 1 | |||||
| 13 | Many /pi:pəl / (5) they were not able to get work because of the (.) weather | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 * | 1 | |||||
| 14 | Did not attempt | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 6 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| ML: nfv-PPA patient | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | /teɪki ðə/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
| 2 | /wɜ:ʳɪz ðə/ child | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 3 | /kɑ (2) ðə kɑ wɪl wuz nɒʔ rʌn/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ** | |||||||
| 4 | why /ɑ neɪ nɒʔ/ living here | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 5 | /ðɜ:ʳ beɪn peɪʔ ə ən tʃi (4) tʃeəʳz/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
| 6 | /wɜ ə ju: goʊɪŋ tu: wɜ:ʳʔ nəʔ zə nə nətʃə (3) zʌmə/ | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 7 | / i: (.) sʊld ɪz haʊs əndə ðə wi: (4) fɑm/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |||||||
| 8 | /wɜ:ʳk ən ðə gɑ:dən æn (4) bɪk tʃɒ gɒ ðə bi:nz/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | |||||||
| 9 | /ðɜ:ʳ ɑ:dɜ:ʳzd peɪʔ (3) / um / peɪndəd/… no | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | |||||||
| 10 | / ɪz (3) ɒl ðɜ:ʳ kʊntri: (1) ɒl ðɜ:ʳ (1) dɒz ɪn ðə kʊntri:/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | |||||||
| 11 | /i: wɒz/ no | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |||||||
| 12 | /waɪz du ðə gruf (3) waɪʔs (4) wəz/ | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | |||||||
| 13 | Did not attempt | ||||||||||||||
| 14 | Did not attempt | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 3 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| JC: sv-PPA patient | |||||||||||||||
| 1 | Take this home | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 2 | Where is the child? | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 3 | The car will not run | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 4 | Why are they not living here? | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 5 | The band played and the crowd cheered | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 6 | Where are you going to work next summer? | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 7 | He sold his house and they moved to the farm. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 8 | Work in the garden until you have picked all the beans | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 9 | The artist painted many of the beautiful scenes in this valley | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 10 | This doctor does not travel to all the towns in this country | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
| 11 | He should actually be able to tell us when she will actually be performing here | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ** | |||||||
| 12 | Why do members of that group never write to their representatives of their group for aid? | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 ** | |||||||
| 13 | Many men and women were not able to get to their work because of the severe snowstorm | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 ** | |||||||
| 14 | The members of the committee have agreed to hold their meeting on the first Tuesday of every month | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |||||||
| Total | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Notes, Sentences were transcribed using the international phonetic transcription (IPA). Sentences were scored using the Hohlbaum, Dressel [12] scoring criteria. Notes, ʔ: glottal stop; (2) represents pause in seconds; (.) represents pause of <1 s; *: These errors are coded as semantic substitutions but in fact they do not appear to arise as a result of impaired lexical retrieval. Rather the lv-PPA patient decodes the meaning but cannot repeat the content word by word. So, he paraphrases, e.g., people for men and women; **: These errors are additions. The Hohlbaum system codes them as semantic substitutions, although there is no specific code for such errors.