Table 3.
Mediation analysis, total, indirect, and direct effects with standardized estimates among the whole sample.
| Pathway | Estimate | SE | Z | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Machiavellianism | ||||
| 🡺 PSU (total effect) | 0.03 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 0.800 |
| 🡺 PSU (indirect effect) | 0.10 | 0.05 | 1.85 | 0.064 |
| 🡺 PSU (direct effect) | −0.07 | 0.15 | −0.44 | 0.659 |
| Psychopathy | ||||
| 🡺 PSU (total effect) | −0.04 | 0.08 | −0.55 | 0.584 |
| 🡺 PSU (indirect effect) | −0.00 | 0.03 | −0.06 | 0.955 |
| 🡺 PSU (direct effect) | −0.04 | 0.08 | −0.51 | 0.607 |
| Narcissism | ||||
| 🡺 PSU (total effect) | 0.39 | 0.09 | 4.14 | 0.000 |
| 🡺 PSU (indirect effect) | 0.14 | 0.05 | 2.81 | 0.005 |
| 🡺 PSU (direct effect) | 0.25 | 0.11 | 2.30 | 0.021 |
Note. PSU = Problematic smartphone use.