Table 4.
PRE and POST Algometry and NDI Measurements.
| Variable | Measurement Time | Group 1 (Suboccipital Technique) (n = 31) |
Group 2 (INYBI) (n = 31) |
Group 3 (INYBI + Upper Cervical Manipulation) (n = 34) |
p Value (Between-Groups Comparison) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD (95% CI) | Mean | SD (95% CI) | Mean | SD (95% CI) | |||
| Right suboccipital | PRE | 1.40 | 0.37 (1.26–1.54) | 1.59 | 0.56 (1.38–1.79) | 1.48 | 0.43 (1.33–1.63) | 0.813 |
| POS 1 | 1.58 * | 0.48 (1.40–1.76) | 1.79 * | 0.57 (1.57–2) | 1.65 * | 0.56 (1.46–1.85) | ||
| POS 2 | 1.57 | 0.44 (1.41–1.73) | 1.71 | 0.56 (1.50–1.92) | 1.70 * | 0.64 (1.47–1.92) | ||
| POS 3 | 1.76 *Ψ | 0.57 (1.56–1.97) | 1.94 *Ψ | 0.72 (1.67–2.21) | 1.90 *Ψ | 0.79 (1.62–2.17) | ||
| Left suboccipital | PRE | 1.31 | 0.49 (1.13–1.49) | 1.57 | 0.51 (1.38–1.76) | 1.46 | 0.38 (1.32–1.59) | 0.678 |
| POS 1 | 1.53 * | 0.50 (1.35–1.72) | 1.80 * | 0.52 (1.61–2) | 1.62 * | 0.49 (1.45–1.79) | ||
| POS 2 | 1.52 | 0.47 (1.34–1.69) | 1.70 | 0.50 (1.52–1.89) | 1.68 * | 0.58 (1.47–1.88) | ||
| POS 3 | 1.67 *Ψ | 0.54 (1.47–1.87) | 1.91 *Ψ | 0.68 (1.66–2.17) | 1.86 *Ψ | 0.68 (1.63–2.10) | ||
| Right UT | PRE | 1.35 | 0.44 (1.19–1.51) | 1.55 | 0.42 (1.40–1.71) | 1.51 | 0.47 (1.32–1.71) | 0.574 |
| POS 1 | 1.43 | 0.44 (1.27–1.59) | 1.70 | 0.51 (1.51–1.89) | 1.51 | 0.66 (1.28–1.74) | ||
| POS 2 | 1.41 | 0.42 (1.26–1.56) | 1.69 | 0.54 (1.48–1.89) | 1.60 | 0.64 (1.38–1.83) | ||
| POS 3 | 1.55 Ψ | 0.46 (1.38–1.72) | 1.85 *Ψ | 0.63 (1.61–2.08) | 1.79 *Ψ | 0.83 (1.50–2.08) | ||
| Left UT | PRE | 1.43 | 0.36 (1.30–1.57) | 1.56 | 0.38 (1.42–1.70) | 1.48 | 0.47 (1.31–1.64) | 0.317 |
| POS 1 | 1.51 | 0.37 (1.37–1.64) | 1.65 | 0.41 (1.50–1.81) | 1.55 | 0.50 (1.38–1.73) | ||
| POS 2 | 1.48 | 0.34 (1.35–1.61) | 1.63 | 0.43 (1.47–1.79) | 1.65 | 0.66 (1.42–1.88) | ||
| POS 3 | 1.60 Ψ | 0.47 (1.42–1.77) | 1.75 Ψ | 0.47 (1.58–1.93) | 1.81 *Ψ | 0.71 (1.56–2.06) | ||
| NDI | PRE | 12.26 | 5.70 (10.17–14.35) | 10.40 | 5.14 (8.48–12.32) | 10.53 | 4.40 (8.99–12.07) | 0.458 |
| POS | 9.74 * | 5.28 (7.81–11.68) | 8.07 * | 5.97 (5.84–10.29) | 7.06 * | 4.52 (5.48–8.64) | ||
SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; VAS, visual analogue scale; PRE, initial pre-intervention; POS 1, after the first intervention; POS 2, pre-intervention of the second week; POS 3, after the second intervention; UT, upper trapezius; NDI, neck disability index. * p < 0.05 compared to the baseline measurement. Ψ p < 0.05 compared to the previous measurement.