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. 2021 Aug 17;18(16):8671. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168671

Table 1.

Examples of gain-framed, loss-framed and control messages delivered throughout the intervention on separate Facebook groups.

Gain-Framed Loss-Framed Control
Aerobic exercises (e.g., running, cycling) are associated with a reduction in social anxiety. Not taking part in aerobic exercises (e.g., running, cycling) means that you may miss out on the associated reduction in social anxiety. Your heart beats about 100,000 times each day!
Improvements in self-concept and global self-esteem have been recognised when you participate in regular physical activity! Improvements in self-concept and global self-esteem may be missed if you do not participate in regular physical activity! It takes 66 days to form a habit.
Strong evidence demonstrates that physical activity reduces the risk of experiencing depression. Strong evidence demonstrates that not taking part in physical activity means that the risk of experiencing depression is not reduced. The hardest bone in the human body is the jawbone.

Note: evidence-based content of the gain- and loss-framed messages were adapted from the Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee (2018) report. The style of messages was consistent in all intervention groups.