Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the data
| Classification | Characteristic | Group | N (%) |
| Predisposing factor | Gender | Female | 436 (53.6) |
| Male | 377 (46.4) | ||
| Age | 813 (100) | ||
| M (SD) | 46.0 (14.9) | ||
| Education level | High school or below | 164 (20.2) | |
| Some college or above | 649 (79.8) | ||
| Marital status | Presence of spouse | 481 (59.2) | |
| Absence | 332 (40.8) | ||
| Children | Presence of children | 483 (59.4) | |
| Absence | 330 (44.6) | ||
| Occupation | White-collar job | 334 (41.1) | |
| Blue-collar job or self-employed | 191 (23.5) | ||
| Economically inactive population | 288 (35.4) | ||
| Need factor | Self-rated health | Bad | 385 (47.4) |
| Good | 428 (52.6) | ||
| The number of chronic diseases | Absence of chronic diseases | 549 (67.5) | |
| 1 chronic disease | 182 (22.4) | ||
| More than 2 chronic diseases | 82 (10.1) | ||
| Depression | No | 499 (61.4) | |
| Yes | 314 (38.6) | ||
| Negative impact on mental health | No | 437 (53.8) | |
| Yes | 376 (46.3) | ||
| Enabling factors | Income level | Less than $1675 | 73 (9.0) |
| More than $1675, less than $2512 | 395 (48.6) | ||
| Above $2512 and less than $4187 | 249 (30.6) | ||
| Above $4187 | 96 (11.8) | ||
| Income less | No | 445 (54.7) | |
| Yes | 368 (45.3) | ||
| Perceived susceptibility | 813 (100) | ||
| M (SD) | 2.70 (0.74) | ||
| Perceived vulnerability | 813 (100) | ||
| M (SD) | 3.87 (0.82) | ||
| Efficacy belief to borough | Low | 467 (57.4) | |
| High | 346 (42.6) | ||
| Fear | 813 (100) | ||
| M (SD) | 3.56 (0.74) | ||
| Stigma | 813 (100) | ||
| M (SD) | 3.27 (0.82) | ||
| Social support | No | 67 (8.2) | |
| Yes | 746 (91.8) | ||
The fees were converted into US dollars using an exchange rate of US$1=1194 Korean won (average exchange rate during September 2019–September 2020).