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. 2021 Aug 23;9(8):1087. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9081087

Table 3.

Standardised measure of General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12).

Kidney Failure
GHQ-12 Total Score
(95% CI)
General Population GHQ-12 Total Score during COVID-19 * (95% CI)
GHQ-12 total score 18.3 (15.8–20.9) 12.5 (11.5–13.5)
Proportion with significant level of mental distress 68.2% 28.5%

* Northern Ireland general population sample GHQ-12 during the COVID-19 pandemic recorded in April 2020 [19]; CI = Confident Interval.