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. 2021 Aug 26;20:108. doi: 10.1186/s12943-021-01403-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — High DDX56 tumor expression is significantly associated with poor patient outcome in SqCLC and other cancers. a, b and c Immunohistochemical analysis showing that high DDX56 tumor protein level is associated with poor prognosis of SqCLC patients. Tissue microarrays (TMA) containing cores of 37 SqCLC were graded as exhibiting no, weak, moderate and strong DDX56 staining by a highly experienced pathologist blinded to all clinicopathologic data. Kaplan–Meier analysis comparing tumors graded as no or weak staining (low) versus those graded moderate and strong staining (high) showed that the overall survival (OS) (a) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (b) of SqCLC patients with high DDX56 protein tumor expression is significantly lower than those with low DDX56 protein tumor expression. c Representative images of the different immunohistochemistry staining intensities. d Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of DDX56 in a published microarray gene expression dataset of 130 primary SqCLC tumor samples showed that high mRNA expression of DDX56 was significantly associated with poor OS of SqCLC patients. e-j Online survival analysis of the prognostic value of DDX56 mRNA expression in lung, gastric and liver cancers using KMplot (http://www.kmplot.com). DDX56 mRNA expression levels were shown to be significantly associated with OS (e) and progression-free survival (PFS) (f) in lung cancer patients (microarray data set, n = 1925). DDX56 mRNA expression levels were shown to be significantly associated with poor OS (g) and PFS (h) in gastric cancer patients (microarray data set, n = 875). DDX56 mRNA expression levels were shown to be significantly associated with OS (i) and PFS (j) in liver cancer patients (RNA-seq data set, n = 364)