Table 3.
Recent studies describing the potential role of exosomes in the treatment of disease.
| Diseases | Exosome Molecule Studied | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurodegenerative diseases | Alzheimer’s disease | neprilysin | [247] |
| quercetin | [248] | ||
| miR-21, miR-29b y miR-146a | [249] | ||
| Parkinson’s disease | miR-188-3p | [250] | |
| miR-7 | [251] | ||
| miR-30a-5p | [252] | ||
| Other neurological disorders | miR-21, miR-193b y miR-216a | [249] | |
| Cancer | Transport of chemotherapeutics | Paclitaxel | [243] |
| Cisplatin | [244] | ||
| Doxorubicin | [246] | ||
| Cancer immunotherapy | M1 macrophage-derived exosomes. | [253] | |
| CAR-T cell-derived exosomes | [254] | ||
| Biological reprogrammers of cancer cells | miR-139-5p | [255] | |
| miR-381 | [256] | ||
| miR-140-3p | [257] | ||
| miR-5100 | [258] | ||
| miR-1249, miR-126, miR-27b, 520a, miR-590-5p and miR-622 | [259] | ||
| Cardiovascular diseases | Cellular conditioning | miARN-21-5p | [260] |
| miR-146a, miR-181b y miR-126 | [261] | ||
| βARKct-CDC exosomes | [262] | ||
| Infectious diseases | Bacterial infections | antimicrobial peptides: cathelicidin LL-37, human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2), hepcidin and lipocalin-2 (Lcn2). | [263] |
| Sepsis | miR-27b | [264] | |
| miR-21 | [265] | ||
| super-repressor IκB | [266] | ||
| COVID-19 | CD24 and T cell-derived exosomes | [267,268,269,270] | |
| MSC-derived exosomes (ExoFlo®) | [271] | ||
| ZofinTM | [272] | ||