Table 1.
Difference in severity of PSIs by research variables.
| Variables | Categories | Total (16,215) |
Near Miss (n = 5588) |
Adverse Event (n = 9201) |
Sentinel Event (n = 1426) |
χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Patient sex | Male | 8067 (49.8) | 2838 (35.2) | 4697 (58.2) | 532 (6.6) | 96.93 | <0.001 |
| Female | 8148 (50.2) | 2750 (33.8) | 4504 (55.3) | 894 (11.0) | |||
| Patient age (years) | ≤19 | 889 (5.5) | 405 (45.6) | 466 (52.4) | 18 (2.0) | 230.67 | <0.001 |
| 20–59 | 4293 (26.5) | 1684 (39.2) | 2372 (55.3) | 237 (5.5) | |||
| ≥60 | 11,033 (68.0) | 3499 (31.7) | 6363 (57.7) | 1171 (10.6) | |||
| Time when the PSI occurred | Day | 7931 (48.9) | 2907 (36.7) | 4395 (55.4) | 629 (7.9) | 66.77 | <0.001 |
| Evening | 4278 (26.4) | 1491 (34.9) | 2411 (56.4) | 376 (8.8) | |||
| Night | 4006 (24.7) | 1190 (29.7) | 2395 (59.8) | 421 (10.5) | |||
| Seasons when the PSIs occurred | Spring | 4065 (25.1) | 1368 (33.7) | 2328 (57.3) | 369 (9.1) | 6.75 | 0.345 |
| Summer | 4642 (28.6) | 1597 (34.4) | 2656 (57.2) | 389 (8.4) | |||
| Fall | 3935 (24.3) | 1345 (34.2) | 2249 (57.2) | 341 (8.7) | |||
| Winter | 3573 (22.0) | 1278 (35.8) | 1968 (55.1) | 327 (9.2) | |||
| Incident reporter | Health provider | 1523 (9.4) | 419 (27.5) | 898 (59.0) | 206 (13.5) | 67.81 | <0.001 |
| Patient safety officer | 14,692 (90.6) | 5169 (35.2) | 8303 (56.5) | 1220 (8.3) | |||
| Hospital size (beds) | 200–499 | 8118 (50.1) | 2707 (33.3) | 4556 (56.1) | 855 (10.5) | 62.81 | <0.001 |
| ≥500 | 8097 (49.9) | 2881 (35.6) | 4645 (57.4) | 571 (7.1) | |||
| Location of occurrence of the PSIs | General ward | 9078 (56.0) | 3005 (33.1) | 5253 (57.9) | 820 (9.0) | 133.21 | <0.001 |
| Outpatient clinic | 1864 (11.5) | 771 (41.4) | 1012 (54.3) | 81 (4.3) | |||
| Special ward | 1491 (9.2) | 578 (38.8) | 822 (55.1) | 91 (6.1) | |||
| Others | 3782 (23.3) | 1234 (32.6) | 2114 (55.9) | 434 (11.5) | |||
| Type of PSIs | Falls | 9141 (56.4) | 2554 (27.9) | 5586 (61.1) | 1001 (11.0) | 1203.62 | <0.001 |
| MT | 2913 (18.0) | 1524 (52.3) | 1346 (46.2) | 43 (1.5) | |||
| SAE | 1591 (9.8) | 835 (52.5) | 689 (43.3) | 67 (4.2) | |||
| IC | 456 (2.8) | 187 (41.0) | 259 (56.8) | 10 (2.2) | |||
| ECD | 160 (1.0) | 85 (53.1) | 65 (40.6) | 10 (6.3) | |||
| Others | 1954 (12.1) | 403 (20.6) | 1256 (64.3) | 295 (15.1) | |||
| Medical department | Internal medicine | 9596 (59.2) | 3053 (31.8) | 5566 (58.0) | 977 (10.2) | 136.74 | <0.001 |
| Surgical | 4923 (30.4) | 1814 (36.8) | 2737 (55.6) | 372 (7.6) | |||
| Complex support division | 1097 (6.8) | 484 (44.1) | 560 (51.0) | 53 (4.8) | |||
| Clinical support division | 599 (3.7) | 237 (39.6) | 338 (56.4) | 24 (4.0) |
PSIs = patient safety incidents; MT = medication/transfusion; SAE = surgery/anesthesia/examination; IC = infection/contamination; and ECD = equipment/computational disorder.