Table 1.

Select examples of natively folded ERAD substrates.

Organism	Substrate	Function	ERAD Effectors	References
Yeast/Mammals	Erg1/Squalene Monooxygenase (SM)	Ergosterol/Cholesterol synthesis	Ubc6, Ubc7, Doa10/TEB4, MARCH6, Cdc48/p97, Npl4	[25,26,27,28,29]
Yeast	Erg3	Ergosterol synthesis	Hrd1, Yos9	[30,31]
Yeast	Erg25	Ergosterol synthesis	Hrd1, Doa10	[32,33]
Yeast/Mammals	3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase (HMGCR)	Sterol synthesis	Hrd1, Hrd3/Sel1L, gp78, TRC8, RNF145, Cdc48/p97,	[33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40]
Mammals	Acetyl-CoA Acetyltransferase 2 (ACAT2)	TAG synthesis Cholesterol	gp78	[41]
Yeast/Mammals	Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)	Lipoprotein assembly, transport, uptake	Hsp40, Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp110, Hsp104, PDI, gp78, p97	[42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51]
Mammals	IP3 receptor	Calcium signaling	Spfh1, Ubc7, gp78, RNF170, p97	[52,53,54,55,56]
Yeast	Pca1	Cadmium transporter	Ubc6, Doa10, Cdc48	[57]
Mammals	β-catenin	Hematopoietic stem cell renewal, survival and differentiation	UBAC2, UBXD8, gp78	[58]