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. 2021 Aug 13;13(16):4083. doi: 10.3390/cancers13164083

Figure 1.

Figure 1

HPV16 E6 and E7 are concomitantly required to promote YAP/TAZ signaling and stemness properties. (A) YAP/TAZ-target gene expression profiles from qPCR data of confluent HaCaT cells overexpressing either HPV16 E6, E7, or both. The heatmap shows the normalized mean fold-change values from three independent experiments of cells overexpressing E6 and/or E7-FLAG/HA compared to confluent parental HaCaT cells. See Figure S1B for non-normalized fold-change values. (B) Representative images of E6- and/or E7-expressing HaCaT cells grown in non-adherent cell culture conditions for the generation of spheroids. Scale bars: 50 μm. (C) Volcano plots of gene-expression changes in primary keratinocytes expressing either HPV16 E6, HPV16 E7, or both versus cells (accession code: GSE58841, [34]). Red dots represent significantly upregulated epithelial basal stem cell markers. The grey dashed line represents the threshold of significance (adjusted p value < 0.05). HFK: human foreskin keratinocytes.