Table 4.

Daily urinary excretions of volume, sodium, potassium and creatinine; estimates of salt and potassium intake; and proportion of participants meeting recommended targets for salt and potassium consumption, Biomarker2019 survey.

Variable	All n = 189	Men n = 99	Woman n = 90	p *
Volume (ml/24h) #	1888 (578) 1831 (1520–2242)	1893 (584) 1924 (1456–2242)	1882 (574) 1765 (1551–2259)	0.7093
Creatinine (mmoL/24h) #	10.3 (3.8) 9.3 (7.5–12.3)	12.4 (4.0) 11.8 (9.3–14.6)	8.0 (1.8) 8.0 (6.7–8.9)	<0.001
Sodium (mmoL/24h) #	188.8 (73.5) 176 (137–233)	213.4 (79.3) 210 (156–269)	161.7 (55.5) 155 (130–191)	<0.001
Sodium (energy adjusted +) (mmoL/1000 kcal/24h) ##	89.8 (36.9) 85.5 (67.3–105.3)	91.4 (37.1) 92.9 (69.6–106.8)	88.0 (36.9) 79.8 (65.5–103.7)	0.1339
Salt intake (g/day) # ß	11.0 (4.3) 10.3 (8.0–13.6)	12.5 (4.6) 12.3 (9.1–15.7)	9.5 (3.3) 9.1 (7.6–11.2)	<0.001
Salt < 5g/day N (%) #### ß	13 (6.9)	7 (7.1)	6 (6.7)	0.9130
Potassium (mmoL/24h) #	65.8 (24.3) 65 (49–81)	69.2 (26.4) 69 (51–83)	62.0 (21.2) 60 (46–79)	0.0618
Potassium (energy adjusted +) (mmoL/1000 kcal/day) #	32.4 (16.5) 28.8 (21.6–38.3)	30.6 (17.7) 27.5 (20.2–35.8)	34.3 (15.0) 31.7 (24.3–41.3)	0.0386
Potassium intake (g/day) # ßß	3.02 (1.11) 2.98 (2.25–3.72)	3.18 (1.21) 3.17 (2.34–3.81)	2.85 (0.97) 2.75 (2.11–3.62)	0.0618
Potassium intake >90 mmoL/day N (%) ####	59 (31.2)	34 (34.3)	25 (27.8)	0.331
Na/K molar ratio	3.04 (1.17) 2.88 (2.25–3.63)	3.25 (1.23) 3.17 (2.36–3.92)	2.81 (1.06) 2.67 (2.22–3.41)	0.0084

Results are mean (SD) and median (25th–75th percentile) or N (%), ^# Mann-Whitney test, ^## Student’s t-test, ^#### Pearson chi² test, * comparison between sexes, ⁺ energy intake calculated by three-day dietary records, ^ß grams of salt = mmoL Na × 23 × 2.5421/1000, assuming 100% sodium excreted in 24 h urine collection, ^ßß grams of potassium = (mmoL K × 39/1000) × 1.18, assuming 85% dietary potassium excreted in the urine.