Table 4.
Changes in weight outcomes at Time 1 and Time 2 compared to baseline by sex and according to BMI at baseline (n = 642).
| MD (Time 2−Time 1) | MD (Time 3−Time 1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPG | PG | CG | DPG | PG | CG | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Males | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | −1.8 ± 1.3 ab | −0.8 ± 1.4 | −0.4 ± 3.5 | −4.4 ± 1.4 ab | −0.8 ± 1.8 | −0.7 ± 2.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −0.7 ± 0.5 ab | −0.3 ± 0.5 | −0.1 ± 1.2 | −1.6 ± 0.5 ab | −0.3 ± 0.6 | −0.2 ± 0.8 |
| WC (cm) | −1.6 ± 4.0 | −1.9 ± 3.0 | −1.4 ± 4.5 | −3.6 ± 4.0 ab | −1.0 ± 3.6 | −0.2 ± 4.5 |
| HC (cm) | −2.1 ± 3.3 a | −1.7 ± 3.2 | −1.1 ± 3.2 | −3.8 ± 3.6 ab | −1.1 ± 3.0 | −1.3 ± 3.3 |
| Females | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | −1.4 ± 1.1 | −0.9 ± 1.2 | −0.9 ± 3.6 | −3.8 ± 1.4 ab | −1.2 ± 1.6 | −1.0 ± 1.9 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −0.6 ± 0.4 | −0.4 ± 0.5 | −0.4 ± 1.4 | −1.6 ± 0.6 ab | −0.5 ± 0.7 | −0.4 ± 0.8 |
| WC (cm) | 0.5 ± 5.8 | 1.0 ± 5.3 | 0.6 ± 5.3 | −2.1 ± 6.6 ab | 0.6 ± 5.5 | 1.0 ± 5.6 |
| HC (cm) | −1.9 ± 3.5 | −1.6 ± 4.7 | −1.4 ± 4.1 | −3.9 ± 3.4 ab | −1.5 ± 4.7 | −1.4 ± 3.9 |
| BMI | ||||||
| BMI<28 kg/m2 | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | −1.4 ± 1.1 ab | −0.7 ± 1.3 c | −0.2 ± 3.1 | −4.0 ± 1.5 ab | −0.8 ± 1.5 | −0.5 ± 1.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −0.6 ± 0.4 ab | −0.3 ± 0.5 | −0.1 ± 1.2 | −1.6 ± 0.6 ab | −0.3 ± 0.6 | −0.2 ± 0.5 |
| WC (cm) | −0.2 ± 5.3 | −0.4 ± 4.6 | 0.1 ± 5.2 | −2.8 ± 5.4 ab | −0.5 ± 4.4 c | 0.8 ± 4.9 |
| HC (cm) | −1.9 ± 3.2 a | −1.5 ± 3.3 | −0.9 ± 3.4 | −3.8 ± 3.5 ab | −1.2 ± 3.4 | −0.9 ± 3.4 |
| BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2 | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | −1.8 ± 1.3 | −1.1 ± 1.3 | −1.4 ± 4.0 | −4.3 ± 1.4 ab | −1.4 ± 1.9 | −1.3 ± 2.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | −0.7 ± 0.5 | −0.4 ± 0.5 | −0.5 ± 1.6 | −1.7 ± 0.6 ab | −0.6 ± 0.8 | −0.5 ± 1.0 |
| WC (cm) | −0.9 ± 5.0 | −0.2 ± 4.8 | −1.0 ± 4.7 | −2.7 ± 6.0 ab | 0.5 ± 5.5 | −0.1 ± 5.5 |
| HC (cm) | −2.2 ± 3.8 | −1.9 ± 5.3 | −2.0 ± 4.1 | −3.8 ± 3.4 ab | −1.6 ± 5.0 | −2.6 ± 4.2 |
DPG: dietary and physical activity interventions group; PG: physical activity interventions group; CG: control group; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; MD: mean difference; p-value differences between DPG and CG: a p < 0.05; p-value differences between DPG and PG: b p < 0.05; p-value differences between PG and CG: c p < 0.05.