229E	Human coronavirus-229E
(+ss)	Positive single-stranded
3CLpro	3-Chymotrypsin-like protease
ACE2	Angiotensin converting enzyme 2
ALI	Acute lung injury
APCs	Antigen presenting cells
ARDS	Acute respiratory distress syndrome
ASC	Caspase-recruitment domain
BMDMs	Bone-marrow derived macrophages
CCL5	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5
CLP	Cecum ligation and puncture
CNS	Central nervous system
CoVs	Coronaviruses
COVID-19	Coronavirus disease 2019
CRP	C-reactive protein
CTLs	Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
DAMPs	Danger associated molecular patterns
DENV	Dengue virus
EBO	Ebola virus
EGCG	Epigallocatechin gallate
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
GCG	Gallocatechin gallate
HCoVs	Human coronaviruses
HCoV-OC43	Human coronavirus-OC43
HCV	Hepatitis C virus
KD	Kawasaki-like disease
HKU1	Human coronavirus-HKU1
Hmpv	Human metapneumovirus
HO-1	Heme oxygenase-1
ICAM-1	Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
IFN	Type I interferon
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IRF	Interferon-regulatory factor 3/7
ISGs	IFN-stimulated genes
JNK	Jun N-terminal kinase
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MARCO	Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure
MCP-1	Chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1
MERS-CoV	Middle east respiratory syndrome-coronavirus
MyD88	Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NCDCV	Neonatal calf diarrhea coronavirus
NETs	Neutrophil-extracellular traps
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NK	Natural killer
NL63	Human coronavirus-NL63
NLR	NOD-like receptor
NLRP3	Pyrin domain-containing 3
NSP13	SARS-CoV nonstructural protein 13
NTHi	Nontypeable Haemophilus influenza
OxLDL	Oxidized low-density lipoprotein
PBMCs	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PEDV	Porcine epidemic diarrhoea coronavirus
PLpro	Papain-like protease
PMA	Phorbol myristate acetate
Poly I:C	Polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid
PRR	Patter recognition receptors
RIG-I	Retinoic acid-inducible gene I
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RSV	Respiratory syncytial virus
SARS-CoV	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2
VCAM-1	Vascular cell adhesion protein-1
VSV	Vesicular stomatitis virus
TLR	Toll-like receptors
TRIF	TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)
TXNIP	Thioredoxin-interacting protein
IC50	Concentration that results in 50% inhibition
CC50	Concentration that reduces cell viability by 50%