Table 1.
Metastasis-regulating miRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
|
MicroRNA
|
Validated target(s)
|
Effect
|
Ref.
|
| miR-1 | Notch2 | Represses proliferation, migration, and invasion | [105] |
| miR-9 | E-cadherin | Promotes metastasis | [91] |
| miRNA-10b-3p | TSGA10 | Promotes cell growth and metastasis | [106] |
| miR-17/20a | TGFBR2 | Represses migration and invasion | [107] |
| miR-21 | TGFβ | Promotes TGFβ-induced EMT | [108] |
| PCD4 | Promotes cell growth and invasion | [54] | |
| PTEN | Promotes invasion | [57] | |
| miR-25 | E-cadherin | Promotes metastasis | [93] |
| miR-26a and miR-144 | COX2 | Repress proliferation and metastasis | [109] |
| miR-29b | MMP2 | Represses proliferation and invasion | [73] |
| miR-29c | VEGF | Represses angiogenesis and metastasis | [95] |
| miR-30c | SNAI1 | Represses proliferation, EMT and invasion | [86] |
| miR-34a | MMP2, MMP9, and FNDC3B | Represses migration and invasion | [71] |
| CD44 | Represses invasion and metastasis | [110] | |
| Yin Yang-1 | Represses migration and invasion | [72] | |
| miR-92a | E-cadherin | Promotes lymph node metastasis | [92] |
| miR-92b | ITGAV | Represses invasion and metastasis | [111] |
| miR-106b | PTEN | Promotes invasion and metastasis | [112] |
| SMAD7 | Represses EMT | [84] | |
| miR-128-3p | ZEB1 | Represses EMT and metastasis | [89] |
| miR-130a-5p | ZEB1 | Represses EMT and metastasis | [113] |
| miR-130-3p | SMAD4 | Represses EMT, migration, and invasion | [82] |
| miR-133a | MMP14, FSCN1 | Represses cell invasion | [76] |
| miR-145 | PLCE1 | Represses proliferation and metastasis | [64] |
| miR-146a | Vimentin | Represses tumor invasion | [85] |
| miR-150 | ZEB1 | Represses EMT and metastasis | [90] |
| miR-200b | Kindlin-2 | Represses focal adhesion formation and invasion | [67] |
| miR-218 | BMI1 | Represses proliferation and metastasis | [114] |
| miR-339-5p | TSPAN15 | Represses metastasis | [115] |
| miR-375 | SHOX2 | Represses invasion and metastasis | [116] |
| MMP13 | Represses migration and invasion | [75] | |
| miR-377 | CD133 and VEGF | Represses tumor initiation and progression | [38] |
| miR-424-5p | SMAD7 | Represses EMT, migration and invasion | [83] |
| miR-429 | Slug | Represses migration and invasion | [87] |
| miR-515-3p | MMP3 and Vimentin | Represses invasion and metastasis | [74] |
| miR-548k | ADAMTS1 | Promotes lymph node metastasis | [96] |
| miR-630 | Slug | Represses invasion and metastasis | [117] |
| miR-644a | PITX2 | Repressing aggressiveness and stem cell-like phenotype | [118] |
| miR-655 | TGFBR2 and ZEB1 | Represses EMT | [88] |
| miR-1290 | SCAI | Promotes proliferation and metastasis | [119] |
| miR-4324 | FAK | Represses EMT | [120] |
| miR-6775-3p | MAGE-A family proteins | Represses invasion and metastasis | [121] |
TGF-β: Transforming growth factor β; PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homolog; PLCE1: Phospholipase C epsilon 1; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.