5xFAD	Transgenic mouse model carrying APP KM670/671NL (Swedish), APP I716V (Florida), APP V717I (London), PSEN1 M146L (A>C), PSEN1 L286V mutations
AAO	Age at onset
ABCA7	ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 7
ACE	Angiotensin I-converting enzyme
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ADAD	Autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease
ADAM10	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10
ALS	Amyotrohpic lateral sclerosis
ANK1	Ankyrin 1
APOE	Apolipoprotein E
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
APPNL-G-F	Knock-in mice model carrying the APP KM670/671NL (Swedish), APP I716F (Iberian), APP E693G (Arctic) mutations
APPswe/PS1dE9	Transgenic mouse model carrying APP KM670/671NL (Swedish), PSEN1: deltaE9 mutations
APPPS1-21	Transgenic mouse model carrying APP KM670/671NL (Swedish), PSEN1 L166P
ASO	Antisense oligonucleotides
Aβ	Amyloid β
BACE	β secretase, also known as β-site Amyloid precursor protein Ceaving Enzyme
BBB	Blood-brain barrier
BV2	Immortalized murine microglial cell line
CD2AP	CD2-associated protein
CD33	Myeloid cell surface antigen CD33
CDR	Clinical dementia ratio
CE	Cholesterol ester
CERAD	Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease
CELF1	CUGBP Elav-like family member 1
CLU	Clusterin
CNS	Central nervous system
CNV	Copy number variant
CR1	Complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (Knops blood group)
CSF	Cerebrospinal fluid
CT	Computerized tomography
DAM	Disease-associated microglia
DIAN	Dominantly inherited network
DLB	Dementia with Levy bodies
EMP	Erithro-myeloid progenitor
EAAT	Excitatory amino acid-mediated transporters
EOAD	Early onset Alzheimer’s disease
EPHA1	EPH receptor A1
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
ETA	Endothelin A receptor
EWAs	Epigenome-wide association studies
fAD	Familial Alzheimer’s disease
fLOAD	Familial late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
FDR	False discovery rate
FTD	Frontotemporal dementia
GWA	Genome-wide association
H3K9ac	Histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation
H4K16ac	Histone 4 lysine 16 acetylation
HD	Huntington’s disease
HSPG	Heparan sulfate proteoglycan
iPSC	Induced pluripotent stem cells
ITAM	Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif
LDLR	Low-density lipoprotein receptor
LOAD	Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
LRP1	LDL (low-density lipoprotein) receptor-related protein 1
MAP	Memory and aging project
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinases (formerly known as ERK)
MAPT	Microtubule-associated protein tau
MCI	Mild cognitive impairment
MDMi	Monocyte-derived microglia-like cells
MKK7	MAPK kinase 7
MMSE	Mini-mental state examination
MOca	Montreal Cognitive Assessment
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
MS4A	Membrane spanning 4
MS4A4A	Membrane spanning 4-domains A4A
mTOR	Mechanistic target of rapamycin
NfL	Neurofilament Ligtht
NFTs	Neuro fibrillary tangles
NGRN	Neurogranin
NLRP3	Nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3
NOX4	NADPH oxidase 4
NT	Neuropil threads
p38MAPK	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PET	Positron emission tomography
PGRN	Progranulin
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
PIB	Pittsburgh compound B
PICALM	Phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein
PPAR	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PRS	Polygenic Risk Score
PS19	Transgenic mouse model carrying MAPT P301S mutation
PSEN1	Presenilin 1
PSEN2	Presenilin 2
ROS	Religious Order Study
sAD	Sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
sLOAD	Sporadic late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
SNPs	Single nucleotide polymorphism
sPDGFRβ	Soluble platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β
SPI1	Spi-1 proto-oncogene
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TMEM106B	Transmembrane protein 106B
TREM2	Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2
TWAs	Transcriptome-wide association studies
TYROBP	Transmembrane immune signaling adaptor TYROBP
VD	Vascular dementia
VILIP1	Visinin-like 1