Arginine uptake and change in steady-state levels of arginine-related metabolites in HCFs and HKCs following arginine supplementation (5 mM). Relative abundance of (a) arginine, (b) ornithine, (c) proline, (d) hydroxyproline, (e) spermidine, and (f) putrescine in control and arginine supplemented (5 mM) constructs. Baseline control levels for these metabolites are also shown in Figure 2. Statistical significance assessed using a two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 based on n = 3. Error bars represent standard deviation.