Table 3.
HDL mimetics: clinical trials and cardiovascular outcomes.
| Ref. | HDL Mimetic | Apo A1 | Trial | Patients | Effect on Cholesterol Efflux | CV Outcome | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael Gibson C. 2016 [118] | CSL-112 | wild-type apoA-I | AEGIS-I trial | 1258 patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction | increased apoA-I and ex vivo cholesterol efflux | time to first occurrence of a MACE ** | HR 1.02 (95%CI, 0.57–1.80; p = 0.52) |
| Tardif J-C. 2014 [119] | CER-001 | apoA-I and sphingomyelin | CHI-SQUARE study | 507 patients with a clinical indication for coronary angiography | increased cholesterol mobilization | PAV * | 0.02% with placebo and 0.19%; with CER-001 (difference, p = 0.53) |
| Nicholls SJ. 2018 [116] | MDCO-216 | apoA-I Milano | MILANO-PILOT Trial | 122 post-ACS patients on optimal conventional medical treatment | increased ATP-binding cassette transporter A1-mediated cholesterol efflux | PAV * | −0.94% with placebo and −0.21% with MDCO-216 (difference, 0.73%; 95%CI, −0.07 to 1.52; p = 0.07) |
| Nicholls SJ. JAMA Cardiol. 2018 [115] | CER-001 | apoA-I and sphingomyelin | CARAT study | 293 patients with status post-ACS | increased cholesterol mobilization | PAV* | −0.41% with placebo and −0.09%; with CER-001 (difference 0.32%; p = 0.15) |
* primary outcome; ** secondary outcome. HR hazard ratio; PAV: percent atheroma volume; MACE: major adverse cardiac events.