Table 5.

Benzodiazepine discontinuation

Ref.	Sample size (sex) melatonin; control	Age (yr) melatonin; control	Dose, duration	Diagnosis	Inclusion criteria	Study design	Outcomes	Significant findings	Risk of bias
Baandrup et al[12], 2016	42 (23 M, 19 F); 44 (25 M, 19 F)	47.9 ± 8.7; 49.4 ± 12.3	2 mg/d PR melatonin or placebo for 24 wk	Paranoid SCZ (n = 67), Non-paranoid SCZ (n = 6), SZA (n = 3), BP (n = 10)	Diagnosis of SCZ, SZA or BP (as per ICD-10 criteria); treated with 1 antipsychotic drug and 1 BZD drug for 3 mo; able to understand Danish	Randomized, double-blind clinical trial	Mean daily dosage of BZD, pattern of BZD dosage, BZD cessation proportion, BWSQ-2	-	Some concerns

BP: Bipolar disorder; BWSQ-2: Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Symptom Questionnaire; BZD: Benzodiazepine; ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision; PR: Prolonged release; SCZ: Schizophrenia; SZA: Schizoaffective disorder.