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. 2021 Aug 26;20:168. doi: 10.1186/s12934-021-01659-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Observation of mycelial morphology and verification of production and productivity of citric acid in the 30 L bioreactor fermentation. A Observation of mycelial morphology of A. niger 20-15 (20-15), A. niger 21-8 (21-8) and A. niger CGMCC 10142 (10142) strain at different time points of fermentation; B Verification of citric acid production of 20-15, 21-8 and 10142 strain at different time points in the 30 L bioreactor fermentation; C Verification of citric acid productivity of 20-15, 21-8 and 10142 strain at different time points in the 30 L bioreactor fermentation; D The citric acid production of 20-15, 21-8 and 10142 strain at 56 and 64 h in the 30 L bioreactor fermentation; E The citric acid productivity of 20-15, 21-8 and 10142 strain at 56 and 64 h in the 30 L bioreactor fermentation. The samples at each time-point with different letters differ significantly (abc, P < 0.05)