Table 1.
The characteristics of cases and controls.
| Cases | Controls | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) mean ± SD | 59 ± 6 | 58 ± 6 | p |
| Characteristics | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Educational level | n (% of level) | ||
| Primary | 22 (66.67) | 11 (33.33) | |
| Vocational | 40 (68.97) | 18 (31.03) | 0.006 |
| High school | 71 (41.28) | 101 (58.72) | |
| University degree | 68 (48.92) | 71 (51.08) | |
| Physical activity | n (% of all) | ||
| No | 102 (51) | 110 (55) | |
| Moderate | 63 (31) | 50 (25) | 0.7 |
| High | 36 (18) | 41 (20) | |
| Smoking | |||
| Never | 85 (43) | 90 (45) | |
| Former | 86 (43) | 69 (34) | 0.3 |
| Current | 30 (14) | 42 (21) | |
| Age of alcohol initiation (year) | |||
| ≤15 | 35 (17) | 19 (9) | 0.05 |
| 16–18 | 74 (37) | 79 (39) | |
| >18 | 92 (46) | 103 (52) | |
| Age at menarche (year) | |||
| ≤12 | 39 (19) | 40 (20) | 0.9 |
| >12 | 162 (81) | 161 (80) | |
| Mononucleosis in childhood | |||
| Yes | 3 (1.5) | 3 (1.5) | |
| No | 171 (85) | 178 (88.5) | 0.5 |
| I do not know | 27 (13.5) | 20 (10) | |
| Number of live births | |||
| 0 | 34 (17) | 25 (12) | |
| 1 | 44 (22) | 53 (26) | |
| 2 | 73 (36) | 77 (38) | 0,9 |
| 3 | 29 (14) | 28 (14) | |
| ≥4 | 21 (11) | 18 (10) | |
| Breastfeeding (>3 months) | |||
| Yes | 104 (52) | 123 (61) | <0.001 |
| No | 97 (48) | 78 (39) | |
| Hormone replacement therapy * | |||
| Yes | 54 (27) | 38 (19) | 0.06 |
| No | 147 (73) | 163 (81) | |
| Age of menopause: | |||
| Premenopausal | 41 (20) | 52 (26) | 0.9 |
| ≤55 | 98 (49) | 98 (49) | |
| >55 | 62 (31) | 51 (25) | |
| Family history of breast cancer: | |||
| Yes | 52 (26) | 45 (22) | |
| No | 149 (74) | 156 (78) | 0.4 |
| Family history of breast cancer < 55-year-old | |||
| Present | |||
| Absent | 30 (15) | 21 (10) | 0.2 |
| 171 (85) | 180 (80) | ||
| Residence area: | |||
| Urban | 151 (75) | 171 (85) | 0.01 |
| Rural | 50 (25) | 30 (15) | |
| BMI ** | |||
| ≤29.99 | 133 (66) | 161 (80) | 0.002 |
| ≥30 | 68 (34) | 40 (20) | |
| Alcohol > 12g/day | |||
| Yes | 15 (3.76) | 10 (2.49) | 0.37 |
| No | 186 (46.27) | 191 (47.51) |
* HRT—Hormone replacement therapy; ** BMI—Body mass index.