Table 4.

Association of demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitude, and practice based on univariate analysis.

Variables	N	Knowledge (%)		Attitude (%)		Practice (%)
		Mean ± SD	p-Value	Mean ± SD	p-Value	Mean ± SD	p-Value
Gender *
Men	290	51.47 ± 17.82	0.040	55.56 ± 14.96	0.009	64.19 ± 16.89	0.012
Women	283	54.52 ± 18.21		58.53 ± 15.77		67.53 ± 17.43
Age (year) **
<20	39	53.59 ± 18.85	0.067	59.26 ± 14.18	0.133	67.56 ± 16.92	0.016
20–29	132	50.19 ± 17.74		58.12 ± 14.88		67.33 ± 17.94
30–39	154	53.25 ± 18.50		56.89 ± 13.95		65.58 ± 15.28
40–49	126	55.32 ± 19.27		58.66 ± 16.03		68.44 ± 16.42
50–60	82	55.55 ± 17.21		53.82 ± 17.18		62.39 ±18.62
≥60	40	47.88 ± 12.19		53.20 ± 17.17		59.15 ± 19.70
Area Residence *
Rural	342	50.13 ± 14.54	<0.001	54.67 ± 14.02	<0.001	63.01 ± 16.87	<0.001
Urban	231	57.19 ± 21.64		60.52 ± 16.72		70.04 ± 16.93
Marital status **
Married	437	53.00 ± 17.89	0.910	56.72 ± 15.65	0.211	65.32 ± 17.01	0.019
Single	113	53.32 ± 19.20		58.99 ± 13.63		69.26 ± 16.93
Widow/Widower	23	50.87 ± 16.21		53.22 ± 18.69		59.00 ± 20.18
Educational Level **
No formal–elementary school	148	49.86 ± 14.23	0.003	52.19 ± 14.95	<0.001	60.25 ± 16.36	<0.001
Junior	126	51.79 ± 15.97		56.24 ± 13.40		66.64 ± 14.97
Senior	243	53.68 ± 19.38		58.37 ± 15.48		66.73 ± 17.98
Diploma-graduate	50	59.20 ± 23.35		64.78 ± 16.08		73.92 ± 16.18
Post-graduate	6	74.17 ± 14.30		74.00 ±17.14		83.67 ± 16.06
Monthly income **
<1,600,000	443	51.37 ± 16.08	<0.001	55.02 ± 14.19	<0.001	64.06 ± 16.63	<0.001
1,600,000–3,000,000	90	57.44 ± 22.50		62.47 ± 17.59		70.61 ± 18.10
>3,000,000	40	60.75 ± 23.74		66.95 ± 16.96		74.88 ± 17.23

* Mann–Whitney; ** Kruskal–Wallis test.