Figure 1.

Bactericidal effect of aPDT/PACT using ICG-Nano/c on planktonic E. faecalis. (A) Bactericidal effect with irradiation of different durations (1, 3, and 5 min) indicated by viable colony counts. The diode laser was applied with a 0.7 W peak power output without air-cooling. (B) Comparison of the bactericidal effect with different irradiation powers (0.7, 1.4, and 2.1 W (0.49, 0.98 and 1.46 W/cm²)). The laser operated for 5 min without air-cooling. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. Asterisks (*) denote p < 0.05 (n = 3).