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. 2021 Aug 5;22(16):8413. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168413

Table 3.

Effects of exposure to neonicotinoid pesticides in humans.

Type of Study Toxic Agent Exposure Mode Results Reference
Case study THI Oral (attempted suicide)
  • -

    Status epilepticus (multiple episodes of generalized tonic-clonic seizures)

  • -

    State of deep unconsciousness

[208]
Case-control study ACE, IMI, CLO, NIT, THI, and TMX Consumption of food with pesticides
  • -

    A relationship was found between the occurrence of nicotinic symptoms in the general population and environmental exposure to ACE and TMX.

[209]
Cohort study IMI Residential exposure
  • -

    Significant inverse associations were found between large-scale children’s IQ and close agricultural use of IMI

[213]
Case-control study IMI Use of IMI on pets
  • -

    The odds of reported prenatal exposure to IMI among mothers of children with ASD were twice that of mothers of typically developing children.

[214]

Abbreviations. IMI: imidacloprid; NIT: nitenpyran; THI: thiacloprid; TMX: thiametoxam; ASD: autism spectrum disorders; ACE: acetamiprid; CLO: clothianidin.