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. 2021 Aug 19;28(4):3172–3187. doi: 10.3390/curroncol28040276

Table 5.

Exercise-facilitating and -motivating factors for rural cancer survivors.

Exercise Facilitating Factors Exercise Motivations
Gym
Access
Equipment
Access
Social Support Transport QEP
Information
Increase Fitness Reduce Stress Social Interactions Prevent
Disease
Weight Loss Do Things That Matter Prevent
Recurrence
Increase Strength
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Overall 24 (33) 19 (26) 18 (25) 3 (4) 33 (46) 38 (53) 31 (43) 21 (29) 25 (35) 28 (39) 26 (36) 37 (51) 41 (57)
Subgroups’
Age
≤66.5 years (n = 34) 10 (31) 9 (28) 9 (28) 2 (6) 18 (56) 21 (62) 17 (50) 9 (27) 14 (41) 16 (47) 9 (27) 17 (50) 21 (62)
>66.5 years (n = 34) 13 (39) 9 (27) 8 (24) 1 (3) 14 (42) 15 (44) 13 (38) 11 (32) 10 (29) 10 (29) 16 (47) 20 (59) 18 (53)
Income
<$40,000/year (n = 26) 7 (30) 6 (26) 6 (26) 1 (4) 7 1 (30) 12 (48) 14 (56) 10 (40) 11 (44) 6 (24) 9 (36) 15 (60) 15 (60)
≥$40,000/year (n = 38) 16 (42) 11 (29) 11 (29) 2 (5) 24 (63) 24 (62) 15 (39) 10 (26) 13 (33) 19 (49) 15 (39) 20 (51) 23 (59)
Exercise Limitations
≤2 limitations (n = 41) 13 (33) 11 (28) 10 (26) 2 (5) 16 (41) 24 (57) 17 (41) 11 (26) 15 (36) 15 (36) 12 (29) 21 (50) 23 (55)
>2 limitations (n = 30) 11 (38) 8 (28) 8 (28) 1 (3) 17 (59) 14 (48) 14 (48) 10 (35) 10 (35) 13 (45) 14 (48) 16 (55) 18 (62)
Medication Use
≤2 medications (n = 49) 15 (32) 11 (23) 12 (26) 2 (4) 24 (51) 30 (60) 22 (44) 14 (28) 19 (38) 19 (38) 16 (32) 27 (54) 29 (58)
>2 medications (n = 22) 9 (43) 8 (38) 6 (29) 1 (5) 9 (43) 8 (38) 9 (43) 7 (33) 6 (29) 9 (43) 10 (48) 10 (48) 12 (57)
Fatigue Score/10
0–2 (n = 19) 6 (33) 4 (22) 2 (11) 1 (6) 7 (39) 10 (53) 7 (37) 3 (16) 6 (32) 5 (26) 4 (21) 8 (42) 9 (47)
3–5 (n = 33) 12 (39) 10 (32) 9 (29) 2 (7) 12 (39) 15 (46) 14 (42) 9 (27) 13 (39) 17 (52) 11 (33) 18 (55) 17 (52)
6–10 (n = 19) 6 (32) 5 (26) 7 (37) 0 (0) 14 (74) 13 (68) 10 (53) 9 (47) 6 (32) 6 (32) 11 (58) 11 (58) 15 (79)
Cancer Diagnosis
Breast cancer (n = 35) 13 (38) 13 (38) 9 (27) 2 (6) 16 (47) 18 (51) 15 (43) 10 (29) 13 (37) 15 (43) 10 (29) 17 (49) 21 (60)
Other cancers (n = 36) 11 (32) 6 (18) 9 (27) 1 (3) 17 (50) 20 (56) 16 (44) 11 (31) 12 (33) 13 (36) 16 (44) 20 (56) 20 (56)
Cancer Stage
Local (Stages I–III) (n = 44) 18 (42) 15 (35) 12 (28) 1 (2) 21 (49) 27 (61) 21 (48) 15 (34) 19 (43) 23 (52) 17 (39) 26 (59) 30 (68)
Metastatic (Stage IV) (n = 24) 5 (23) 3 (14) 6 (27) 2 (9) 11 (50) 10 (41) 9 (38) 6 (25) 6 (25) 4 (17) 8 (33) 10 (42) 10 (42)
Cancer Side Effects
≤2 side effects (n = 41) 15 (39) 12 (31) 7 (18) 1 (3) 15 (39) 21 (51) 14 (34) 11 (27) 15 (37) 18 (44) 15 (37) 24 (59) 20 (49)
>2 side effects (n = 30) 9 (31) 7 (24) 11 (38) 2 (7) 18 (62) 17 (57) 17 (57) 10 (33) 10 (33) 10 (33) 11 (37) 13 (43) 21 (70)
Perceived Exercise Benefit: General Health
No/Unsure (n = 30) 4 (14) 4 (14) 4 (14) 1 (4) 8 (24) 5 (17) 9 (30) 4 (13) 5 (17) 8 (27) 7 (23) 8 (27) 9 (30)
Yes (n = 38) 20 (53) 15 (40) 14 (37) 2 (5) 25 (66) 33 (85) 22 (56) 17 (43) 20 (51) 20 (51) 19 (49) 28 (72) 32 (82)
Perceived Exercise Benefit: Cancer-Related
No (n = 19) 2 (12) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (18) 3 (15) 5 (25) 0 (0) 2 (10) 2 (10) 0 (0) 4 (20) 3 (15)
Yes (n = 36) 19 (53) 16 (44) 15 (42) 3 (8) 23 (64) 29 (81) 20 (56) 15 (27) 19 (53) 22 (61) 19 (53) 26 (72) 31 (86)
Current PA Goals
No increase in PA (n = 24) 3 (14) 3 (14) 3 (14) 1 (5) 6 (27) 7 (28) 9 (36) 4 (16) 3 (12) 5 (20) 6 (24) 8 (32) 8 (32)
Increase in PA (n = 42) 21 (50) 16 (38) 15 (36) 2 (5) 27 (64) 31 (74) 22 (52) 17 (41) 22 (52) 23 (55) 20 (48) 28 (67) 33 (79)
Current Exercise Motivators
≤3 motivators (n = 38) 4 (11) 3 (9) 5 (14) 0 (0) 12 (34) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-)
>3 motivators (n = 33) 20 (61) 16 (49) 13 (39) 3 (9) 21 (64) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-)
Exercise Facilitating Factors
≤1 facilitator required
(n = 41)
- (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) 15 (37) 12 (29) 7 (17) 7 (17) 8 (20) 9 (22) 16 (39) 14 (34)
>1 facilitator required (n = 30) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) - (-) 23 (77) 19 (63) 14 (47) 18 (60) 20 (67) 17 (57) 21 (70) 27 (90)
Interest in Community Exercise Program
No/Unsure (n = 31) 5 (18) 5 (18) 4 (14) 1 (4) 6 (21) 7 (23) 10 (32) 4 (13) 6 (19) 6 (19) 5 (16) 9 (29) 11 (36)
Yes (n = 38) 18 (47) 13 (34) 14 (37) 2 (5) 27 (71) 31 (82) 21 (55) 17 (45) 19 (50) 21 (55) 21 (55) 28 (74) 29 (76)

1 Bolded values represent significant differences between subgroups.