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. 2021 Jun 7;1(7):998–1013. doi: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00160

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Activation of hippocampal neurogenesis and recovery of cognitive ability in aging mice with metabolic syndrome by DNIC-1. (a) Schematic illustration for the treatment protocol of DNIC-1 to aging mice with metabolic syndrome. (b) Body weight, (c) serum glucose, (d) serum triglyceride (TG), and (e) serum total cholesterol (TC) observed in aging mice under control diet (CD), Western diet (WD), and WD in combination with daily treatment of DNIC-1 (WD:NO). The data are the mean values ± SEM (n = 11–12 for body weight and n = 7–12 for glucose, TG, and TC in each group). (f) Duration for the aging mice staying in the target quadrant during the probe test in Morris water-maze task. Data show the mean ± SEM (n = 7–10 for each group). (g) Western blot analysis on the hippocampus tissue obtained from aging mice in CD, WD and WD:NO groups. The data are the mean values ± SEM (n = 3 for each group). NeuN is an indicator for neurons, BruU is an indicator for proliferation, Iba1 is an indicator for microglial cells, and β-actin is the internal control. (h) GOT, (i) GPT, (j) CRE, and (k) UA observed in aging mice under CD, WD, and WD:NO. Data show the mean ± SEM (n = 5 for each group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 compared with the CD. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.001 for comparison between WD and WD:NO.