Table 1.
Skin characteristics of different species according to wound healing models (modified from [5]).
| Parameter | Human | Mouse | Rat | Porcine (Domestic) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skin thickness | 2–3 mm | Very thin (0.4–1.0 mm) | 1.0–2.0 mm | 1.5–2.0 mm |
| Epidermis thickness | Relatively thick 70 (50–120) µm, 2.67 layers |
9.4–13.3 µm,1.75 layers female inc. thickness | 21.7 µm, 1.83 layers |
Relatively thick 52–100 µm, 3.94 layers |
| Stratum corneum thickness | 10–12.05 µm | 2.9 µm | 5 µm | 12.28 µm |
| Dermal thickness | 2.28 mm | 170–500 µm, male inc. thickness | N/A | 1.5–1.8 mm |
| Fixed skin | Yes | No | No | Yes |
| Hair coat | Sparse, 11 hairs/cm2 | Thick, 658 hairs/cm2 | Thick, 289 hairs/cm2 | Sparse, 11–31 hairs/cm2 |
| Substantial Melanin is | Yes | Only in darkly pigmented strains | Only in darkly pigmented strains | No for |
| Eccrine sweat glands | Yes | Yes, paws | Yes, paws | Yes, snout, lips, carpal gland only |
| Apocrine sweat glands | Yes | N/A | N/A | Yes |
| Epithelial cellular turnover rate | 28d | N/A | N/A | 28d |
| Dermal vascularization | N/A | N/A | N/A | Less than human |
| Skin blood flow rate (mL/min/100 g) | 3.12 | 20.6 | 9.6 | 3.0 |
| pH of skin | 5 | N/A | N/A | 6–7 |
| Primary Wound Healing Pattern | Re-epithelialization | Contraction | Contraction | Re-epithelialization |
| Wound Healing Time course | 7–14d or longer | Closes through contraction, <7d |
Closes through contraction, <7d |
12–14d or longer |